Amanda M. Raines , Joseph W. Boffa , Chelsea R. Ennis , Jason T. Goodson , Michael J. McDermott
{"title":"在创伤暴露的年轻人中，安全援助的使用与创伤后应激症状之间的关系","authors":"Amanda M. Raines , Joseph W. Boffa , Chelsea R. Ennis , Jason T. Goodson , Michael J. McDermott","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100587","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Safety aids, also known in the literature as safety behaviors, are maladaptive cognitive and behavioral strategies designed to prevent or reduce anxiety and/or distress. Research has shown that repeated use of such behaviors (e.g., hypervigilance, situational avoidance, checking behaviors, thought suppression) contributes to the development and maintenance of various anxiety and related disorders. However, less work has examined the role of safety aids in posttraumatic stress.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Using a trauma-exposed sample of undergraduate students, the current study sought to examine mean levels of safety aid usage among individuals with (<em>n</em> = 35) and without probable PTSD (<em>n</em> = 57).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results revealed a significant difference between the two groups on overall safety aid usage and escape/avoidance and monitoring/vigilance behaviors. In particular, mean levels were higher among trauma-exposed individuals with probable PTSD compared to trauma-exposed individuals without probable PTSD.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Findings are discussed with regard to prior research and treatment recommendations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Associations between safety aid usage and posttraumatic stress symptoms in trauma-exposed young adults\",\"authors\":\"Amanda M. Raines , Joseph W. Boffa , Chelsea R. Ennis , Jason T. Goodson , Michael J. McDermott\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100587\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Safety aids, also known in the literature as safety behaviors, are maladaptive cognitive and behavioral strategies designed to prevent or reduce anxiety and/or distress. Research has shown that repeated use of such behaviors (e.g., hypervigilance, situational avoidance, checking behaviors, thought suppression) contributes to the development and maintenance of various anxiety and related disorders. However, less work has examined the role of safety aids in posttraumatic stress.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Using a trauma-exposed sample of undergraduate students, the current study sought to examine mean levels of safety aid usage among individuals with (<em>n</em> = 35) and without probable PTSD (<em>n</em> = 57).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results revealed a significant difference between the two groups on overall safety aid usage and escape/avoidance and monitoring/vigilance behaviors. In particular, mean levels were higher among trauma-exposed individuals with probable PTSD compared to trauma-exposed individuals without probable PTSD.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Findings are discussed with regard to prior research and treatment recommendations.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":29932,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation\",\"volume\":\"9 3\",\"pages\":\"Article 100587\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468749925000894\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHIATRY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468749925000894","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Associations between safety aid usage and posttraumatic stress symptoms in trauma-exposed young adults
Introduction
Safety aids, also known in the literature as safety behaviors, are maladaptive cognitive and behavioral strategies designed to prevent or reduce anxiety and/or distress. Research has shown that repeated use of such behaviors (e.g., hypervigilance, situational avoidance, checking behaviors, thought suppression) contributes to the development and maintenance of various anxiety and related disorders. However, less work has examined the role of safety aids in posttraumatic stress.
Method
Using a trauma-exposed sample of undergraduate students, the current study sought to examine mean levels of safety aid usage among individuals with (n = 35) and without probable PTSD (n = 57).
Results
Results revealed a significant difference between the two groups on overall safety aid usage and escape/avoidance and monitoring/vigilance behaviors. In particular, mean levels were higher among trauma-exposed individuals with probable PTSD compared to trauma-exposed individuals without probable PTSD.
Discussion
Findings are discussed with regard to prior research and treatment recommendations.
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