2019年消除后伊朗儿童风疹免疫的血清学评估：一项试点研究

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Immunobiology Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI:10.1016/j.imbio.2025.153105

Tasnim Jamalvandi , Akram Sadat Ahmadi , Somayeh Shatizadeh Malekshahi , Maryam Tatari , Azadeh Shadab , Vahid Salimi , Nazanin-Zahra Shafiei-Jandaghi , Talat Mokhtari-Azad

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景和目的2019年在伊朗消除了风疹，这是一项重大的公共卫生成功。在过去二十年中，有限数量的研究调查了伊朗不同人群中风疹IgG血清阳性水平。本研究评估了2016年至2021年之间、COVID-19大流行之前和期间出生的伊朗儿童的风疹疫苗接种覆盖率和免疫状况。方法采用ELISA法对麻疹和风疹IgM抗体阴性儿童血清722份进行风疹特异性IgG检测。样本分为两组：A组（出生于2016-2018年，大流行前）和B组（出生于2019-2021年，大流行期间）。疫苗接种情况从家长报告中获得。结果风疹IgG血清总阳性率为75.3%，其中B组免疫阳性率为82.4%，显著高于A组（68.6%）(p <；0.001)。家长报告显示MMR疫苗接种率为95.7%，B组接种率（98.9%）显著超过A组（92.7%）(p <；0.001)。没有观察到显著的性别差异。区域疫苗接种覆盖率各不相同，但风疹IgG阳性在各省是一致的。结论：尽管MMR疫苗接种率保持在较高水平，但在本试点研究中，伊朗儿童的风疹总体免疫水平仍低于世卫组织建议的群体免疫阈值，存在风疹再次出现的潜在风险。这一发现强调了正在进行的监测和有针对性的免疫工作，以维持在伊朗消除风疹。

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Serological assessment of rubella immunity in Iranian children post 2019 elimination: A pilot study

Background and aim

The elimination of rubella in Iran, achieved in 2019, represents a significant public health success. A limited number of studies have investigated rubella IgG seropositivity levels in Iran across different populations over the last two decades. This study evaluated rubella vaccination coverage and immunity status among Iranian children born between 2016 and 2021, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Using ELISA, 722 serum samples from children negative for measles and rubella IgM antibodies were analyzed for rubella-specific IgG. Samples were divided into two groups: Group A (born 2016–2018, pre-pandemic) and Group B (born 2019–2021, during the pandemic). Vaccination status was obtained from parental reports.

Results

Overall rubella IgG seropositivity was 75.3 %, with Group B showing significantly higher immunity (82.4 %) than Group A (68.6 %) (p < 0.001). Parental reports indicated MMR vaccination coverage of 95.7 % overall, with Group B coverage (98.9 %) significantly exceeding Group A (92.7 %) (p < 0.001). No significant gender differences were observed. Regional vaccination coverage varied, but rubella IgG positivity was consistent across provinces.

Conclusions

Despite maintaining high MMR vaccination coverage, the overall rubella immunity level in Iranian children in this pilot study remained below the WHO's recommended herd immunity threshold, posing a potential risk for rubella re-emergence. This finding underscored the ongoing surveillance and targeted immunization efforts to sustain rubella elimination in Iran.

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来源期刊

Immunobiology 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

108

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： Immunobiology is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes highly innovative research approaches for a wide range of immunological subjects, including • Innate Immunity, • Adaptive Immunity, • Complement Biology, • Macrophage and Dendritic Cell Biology, • Parasite Immunology, • Tumour Immunology, • Clinical Immunology, • Immunogenetics, • Immunotherapy and • Immunopathology of infectious, allergic and autoimmune disease.