通过结构工程设计，构建用于海水淡化和水处理的高性能水凝胶-木材太阳能蒸发器

IF 13.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI:10.1016/j.cej.2025.167095

Yuqing Sun, Mao Zhuo, Xin Yuan, Weixin Chen, Jian Zhang, Weimin Liu, Jian Li

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引用次数: 0

摘要

淡水短缺对全球可持续发展构成重大挑战。太阳能驱动界面蒸发（SDIE）技术因其环保和低成本而备受关注，但面临材料成本和盐结晶堵塞等瓶颈。本研究选择具有可再生性能和高成本效益的生物质材料天然木材（NW）作为基材，通过蒸发器的调制和设计，在木通道结构上加载薄聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）水凝胶层。在此基础上，采用喷雾技术将中空聚吡咯（PPy）纳米管作为光热转换材料，构建水凝胶-木材复合太阳能蒸发器（PWP）。基于木材多孔垂直通道与水凝胶层之间的协同作用机制，形成了“体水-毛细力-渗透压-水蒸气”的双重驱动力模型，对输水路径进行优化。此外，由空心PPy纳米管形成的网络结构不仅通过多种反射机制增强了光捕获，而且减少了热损失，实现了高达97.8% %的光吸收率。利用优化水传递路径的双重驱动，结合出色的光捕获能力，PWP蒸发器在一次太阳照射下实现了优异的蒸发速率（2.31 kg m−2 h−1）和能量转换效率（97.24 %）。此外，PWP蒸发器表现出显著的抗盐积累能力。即使在20 wt% NaCl溶液中持续蒸发6 h，也没有观察到盐晶体沉积。同时，PWP蒸发器已经证明了在恶劣环境中稳定运行的能力，这为经济高效的高性能木质蒸发器的发展开辟了有希望的途径。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

Construction of high-performance hydrogel-wood solar evaporator for desalination and water treatment through structural engineering design

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Construction of high-performance hydrogel-wood solar evaporator for desalination and water treatment through structural engineering design

Freshwater scarcity poses a significant challenge to global sustainable development. Solar-driven interface evaporation (SDIE) technology has garnered attention for its environmental friendliness and low cost, but it faces bottlenecks such as material costs and salt crystallization clogging. In this work, natural wood (NW), a biomass material with renewable properties and high cost-effectiveness, was selected as the substrate material, and a thin polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel layer was loaded on the wood channel structure through the modulation and design of the evaporator. Furthermore, hollow polypyrrole (PPy) nanotubes were introduced as a photothermal conversion material by the spraying technique to construct a hydrogel-wood composite solar evaporator (PWP). Based on the synergistic mechanism between the porous vertical channels of wood and the hydrogel layer, a dual driving force model of “bulk water-capillary force-osmotic pressure-vapor” is formed to optimize the water transport path. Moreover, the network structure formed by the hollow PPy nanotubes not only enhances light capture through multiple reflection mechanisms, but also reduces heat loss, achieving up to 97.8 % light absorption. With the dual driving force to optimize the water transfer path and combined with outstanding light trapping capability, the PWP evaporator realized excellent evaporation rate (2.31 kg m⁻² h⁻¹) and energy conversion efficiency (97.24 %) under one solar irradiation. Furthermore, PWP evaporator exhibited a remarkable capability to resist salt accumulation. Even after enduring a continuous evaporation process that lasted for 6 h within a 20 wt% NaCl solution, no observable salt crystal deposition was detected. Meanwhile, PWP evaporator have demonstrated the ability to operate stably in harsh environments, which opens up promising avenues for the advancement of cost-effective, high-performance wood-based evaporators.

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来源期刊

Chemical Engineering Journal 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

21.70

自引率

9.30%

发文量

6781

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Chemical Engineering Journal is an international research journal that invites contributions of original and novel fundamental research. It aims to provide an international platform for presenting original fundamental research, interpretative reviews, and discussions on new developments in chemical engineering. The journal welcomes papers that describe novel theory and its practical application, as well as those that demonstrate the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. It also welcomes reports on carefully conducted experimental work that is soundly interpreted. The main focus of the journal is on original and rigorous research results that have broad significance. The Catalysis section within the Chemical Engineering Journal focuses specifically on Experimental and Theoretical studies in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis, molecular catalysis, and biocatalysis. These studies have industrial impact on various sectors such as chemicals, energy, materials, foods, healthcare, and environmental protection.