少数群体压力和性少数群体青少年酒精使用问题的发展:综合多学科风险机制的范围审查。

IF 0.6 4区 医学 Q2 Social Sciences
Connor J McCabe
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引用次数: 0

摘要

从青春期开始,女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋(LGB)个体相对于异性恋人群表现出更高的问题酒精使用水平。基于少数群体压力理论,LGB精神病理学的心理调解框架通常可以作为这些差异的解释模型,这表明LGB身份相关的压力源导致了影响酒精使用障碍风险的社会和情感相关机制。虽然压力及其心理后果被认为是普遍的风险因素,但少数民族压力研究尚未与一般青少年酒精使用研究的理论和证据相结合。这需要将少数群体压力理论转化和完善到新兴使用的发展背景中,并确定预防和早期干预酒精相关健康风险的合理目标。在这里,我比较了LGB和普通青年群体的理论,阐明了将压力与问题饮酒行为的发展联系起来的心理机制。然后,我回顾了研究这些机制在预测青年LGB酒精行为的研究。最后,结合多学科研究结果,我强调了性少数群体酒精使用和障碍的发展途径模型中研究不足的领域,这可能指导未来涉及LGB青年的酒精研究。这篇综述表明,虽然研究主要集中在基于负面影响的酒精风险机制上,但很少有人研究积极影响、社会环境和这些途径之间的相互作用中与压力相关的变化。为了更好地了解年轻LGB人群酒精使用问题的病因、预防和干预,迫切需要研究这些风险机制随时间的融合。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Minority stress and the development of problem alcohol use among sexual minority youth: A scoping review synthesizing multidisciplinary mechanisms of risk.

Beginning in adolescence, lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals exhibit higher levels of problem alcohol use relative to heterosexual populations. Based in minority stress theory, psychological mediation frameworks of LGB psychopathology typically serve as explanatory models of these disparities, suggesting that LGB identity-related stressors lead to social and affect-related mechanisms that proximally influence alcohol use disorder risk. While stress and its psychological consequences are considered universal risk factors, minority stress research has yet to be synthesized with theory and evidence from general adolescent studies of alcohol use. This is needed to translate and refine minority stress theory to the developmental context of emerging use, and to determine plausible targets for prevention and early intervention of alcohol-related health risk. Here, I compare theories from LGB and general youth populations articulating psychological mechanisms linking stress with the development of problem drinking behaviors. I then review studies examining these mechanisms in the prediction of LGB alcohol behaviors in youth. Finally, incorporating multidisciplinary findings, I highlight understudied areas of inquiry in a developmental pathway model of sexual minority alcohol use and disorder that may guide future alcohol research involving LGB youth. This review demonstrated that while studies have focused primarily on negative affect-based mechanisms of alcohol risk, few have examined stress-related changes in positive affect, social contexts, and interactions among these pathways. Studies addressing a confluence of these mechanisms of risk over time are critically needed to better inform etiology, prevention, and intervention of problem alcohol use among younger LGB populations.

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来源期刊
自引率
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发文量
3
期刊介绍: The Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse addresses the treatment of substance abuse in all ages of children. With the growing magnitude of the problem of substance abuse among children and youth, this is an essential forum for the dissemination of descriptive or investigative efforts with this population. The journal serves as a vehicle for communication and dissemination of information to the many practitioners and researchers working with these young people. With this singular mission in mind, the Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse provides subscribers with one source for obtaining current, useful information regarding state-of-the-art approaches to the strategies and issues in the assessment, prevention, and treatment of adolescent substance abuse.
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