Mohammad Yousefi, Kave Koorehpaz, Morteza Bagheri, Yaghob Sharifi, Amir Rahimirad, Yousef Roosta
{"title":"在伊朗乌尔米亚伊玛目霍梅尼医院实施肠道喂养液微生物安全危害分析和关键控制点（HACCP）。","authors":"Mohammad Yousefi, Kave Koorehpaz, Morteza Bagheri, Yaghob Sharifi, Amir Rahimirad, Yousef Roosta","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19251","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Enteral feeding solutions (gavage) play a vital role in supporting ICU patients who cannot eat by mouth. However, their preparation is vulnerable to microbial contamination, posing serious health risks. This study aimed to assess and improve the microbial safety of enteral feeding solutions prepared at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia, Iran.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A three-phase intervention was conducted involving microbial and PCR analyses, source identification, and corrective measures. Initial testing revealed high contamination levels: coliform bacteria (>5×10<sup>3</sup> CFU/mL), fungi (>3×10<sup>3</sup> CFU/mL), and total mesophilic bacteria (>10<sup>4</sup> CFU/mL). PCR analysis confirmed the absence of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. Corrective actions-such as installing UV lighting, implementing enhanced cleaning protocols, and replacing the mixing device-were introduced.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-intervention analyses showed complete elimination of detectable microbial contamination in the gavage solutions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that implementing a HACCP-based approach can effectively eliminate microbial contamination in enteral feeding solutions. The findings support the development of national guidelines and highlight the importance of standardized safety practices to improve patient care in hospital settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"606-612"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331463/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Implementation of hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) for microbial safety of enteral feeding solutions at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia, Iran.\",\"authors\":\"Mohammad Yousefi, Kave Koorehpaz, Morteza Bagheri, Yaghob Sharifi, Amir Rahimirad, Yousef Roosta\",\"doi\":\"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19251\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Enteral feeding solutions (gavage) play a vital role in supporting ICU patients who cannot eat by mouth. However, their preparation is vulnerable to microbial contamination, posing serious health risks. This study aimed to assess and improve the microbial safety of enteral feeding solutions prepared at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia, Iran.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A three-phase intervention was conducted involving microbial and PCR analyses, source identification, and corrective measures. Initial testing revealed high contamination levels: coliform bacteria (>5×10<sup>3</sup> CFU/mL), fungi (>3×10<sup>3</sup> CFU/mL), and total mesophilic bacteria (>10<sup>4</sup> CFU/mL). PCR analysis confirmed the absence of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. Corrective actions-such as installing UV lighting, implementing enhanced cleaning protocols, and replacing the mixing device-were introduced.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-intervention analyses showed complete elimination of detectable microbial contamination in the gavage solutions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that implementing a HACCP-based approach can effectively eliminate microbial contamination in enteral feeding solutions. The findings support the development of national guidelines and highlight the importance of standardized safety practices to improve patient care in hospital settings.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14633,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Iranian Journal of Microbiology\",\"volume\":\"17 4\",\"pages\":\"606-612\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331463/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Iranian Journal of Microbiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19251\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"MICROBIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19251","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Implementation of hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) for microbial safety of enteral feeding solutions at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia, Iran.
Background and objectives: Enteral feeding solutions (gavage) play a vital role in supporting ICU patients who cannot eat by mouth. However, their preparation is vulnerable to microbial contamination, posing serious health risks. This study aimed to assess and improve the microbial safety of enteral feeding solutions prepared at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia, Iran.
Materials and methods: A three-phase intervention was conducted involving microbial and PCR analyses, source identification, and corrective measures. Initial testing revealed high contamination levels: coliform bacteria (>5×103 CFU/mL), fungi (>3×103 CFU/mL), and total mesophilic bacteria (>104 CFU/mL). PCR analysis confirmed the absence of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. Corrective actions-such as installing UV lighting, implementing enhanced cleaning protocols, and replacing the mixing device-were introduced.
Results: Post-intervention analyses showed complete elimination of detectable microbial contamination in the gavage solutions.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that implementing a HACCP-based approach can effectively eliminate microbial contamination in enteral feeding solutions. The findings support the development of national guidelines and highlight the importance of standardized safety practices to improve patient care in hospital settings.
期刊介绍：
The Iranian Journal of Microbiology (IJM) is an international, multi-disciplinary, peer-reviewed journal that provides rapid publication of the most advanced scientific research in the areas of basic and applied research on bacteria and other micro-organisms, including bacteria, viruses, yeasts, fungi, microalgae, and protozoa concerning the development of tools for diagnosis and disease control, epidemiology, antimicrobial agents, clinical microbiology, immunology, Genetics, Genomics and Molecular Biology. Contributions may be in the form of original research papers, review articles, short communications, case reports, technical reports, and letters to the Editor. Research findings must be novel and the original data must be available for review by the Editors, if necessary. Studies that are preliminary, of weak originality or merely descriptive as well as negative results are not appropriate for the journal. Papers considered for publication must be unpublished work (except in an abstract form) that is not under consideration for publication anywhere else, and all co-authors should have agreed to the submission. Manuscripts should be written in English.
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