{"title":"家用电器的电动机在空气中排放的纳米粒子","authors":"Yevgen Nazarenko, Elliot Zolfaghar, Devendra Pal, Léa Quellard, Parisa A. Ariya","doi":"10.1007/s11869-025-01744-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanoparticulate (ultrafine particle) indoor air pollution is an emerging concern. Evidence points to airborne nanoparticles’ potential adverse effects, including the impact on blood pressure, the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems, cognitive performance, oxidative stress, allergen sensitization, and inflammation. Nanoparticles originate from various sources. However, no study to date investigated emissions of nanoparticles and fine particles from electric motors in household appliances, ubiquitous indoors. This study fills this knowledge gap with an investigation of incidental emission of aerosol particles from seven electric motors taken from household appliances. The appliances were made by several different manufacturers and tested at the respective appliance’s maximum and minimum power settings as intended for use by the consumer. Aerosols were continuously measured and characterized during 24-hour measurement periods using a NanoScan scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). Two of the seven motors (AP B and AP G) emitted very few particles, with an average total number concentration below 10 cm<sup>− 3</sup>. One electric motor (AP E) emitted over 170 times more aerosol particles at the maximum power setting compared to the minimum power setting. Another motor (AP A) had the highest emission of all motors at both the minimum and the maximum power settings. The total number concentration of aerosol particles exceeded 2700 cm<sup>− 3</sup> and 3900 cm<sup>− 3</sup> when operating two of the investigated electric motors (AP A and AP E, respectively) at the maximum power setting. We recommend that manufacturers of electric motors and household appliances test fine and ultrafine aerosol particle emissions from their products and address the problem. The design of household appliances equipped with electric motors should consider low-aerosol-emission motors and/or the installation of high-efficiency air filters in the motor air cooling duct(s) downstream of the electric motors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 7","pages":"1945 - 1955"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11869-025-01744-1.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Emission of airborne nanoparticles from electric motors of household appliances\",\"authors\":\"Yevgen Nazarenko, Elliot Zolfaghar, Devendra Pal, Léa Quellard, Parisa A. Ariya\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11869-025-01744-1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Nanoparticulate (ultrafine particle) indoor air pollution is an emerging concern. Evidence points to airborne nanoparticles’ potential adverse effects, including the impact on blood pressure, the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems, cognitive performance, oxidative stress, allergen sensitization, and inflammation. Nanoparticles originate from various sources. However, no study to date investigated emissions of nanoparticles and fine particles from electric motors in household appliances, ubiquitous indoors. This study fills this knowledge gap with an investigation of incidental emission of aerosol particles from seven electric motors taken from household appliances. The appliances were made by several different manufacturers and tested at the respective appliance’s maximum and minimum power settings as intended for use by the consumer. Aerosols were continuously measured and characterized during 24-hour measurement periods using a NanoScan scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). Two of the seven motors (AP B and AP G) emitted very few particles, with an average total number concentration below 10 cm<sup>− 3</sup>. One electric motor (AP E) emitted over 170 times more aerosol particles at the maximum power setting compared to the minimum power setting. Another motor (AP A) had the highest emission of all motors at both the minimum and the maximum power settings. The total number concentration of aerosol particles exceeded 2700 cm<sup>− 3</sup> and 3900 cm<sup>− 3</sup> when operating two of the investigated electric motors (AP A and AP E, respectively) at the maximum power setting. We recommend that manufacturers of electric motors and household appliances test fine and ultrafine aerosol particle emissions from their products and address the problem. The design of household appliances equipped with electric motors should consider low-aerosol-emission motors and/or the installation of high-efficiency air filters in the motor air cooling duct(s) downstream of the electric motors.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49109,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health\",\"volume\":\"18 7\",\"pages\":\"1945 - 1955\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11869-025-01744-1.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11869-025-01744-1\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11869-025-01744-1","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Emission of airborne nanoparticles from electric motors of household appliances
Nanoparticulate (ultrafine particle) indoor air pollution is an emerging concern. Evidence points to airborne nanoparticles’ potential adverse effects, including the impact on blood pressure, the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems, cognitive performance, oxidative stress, allergen sensitization, and inflammation. Nanoparticles originate from various sources. However, no study to date investigated emissions of nanoparticles and fine particles from electric motors in household appliances, ubiquitous indoors. This study fills this knowledge gap with an investigation of incidental emission of aerosol particles from seven electric motors taken from household appliances. The appliances were made by several different manufacturers and tested at the respective appliance’s maximum and minimum power settings as intended for use by the consumer. Aerosols were continuously measured and characterized during 24-hour measurement periods using a NanoScan scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). Two of the seven motors (AP B and AP G) emitted very few particles, with an average total number concentration below 10 cm− 3. One electric motor (AP E) emitted over 170 times more aerosol particles at the maximum power setting compared to the minimum power setting. Another motor (AP A) had the highest emission of all motors at both the minimum and the maximum power settings. The total number concentration of aerosol particles exceeded 2700 cm− 3 and 3900 cm− 3 when operating two of the investigated electric motors (AP A and AP E, respectively) at the maximum power setting. We recommend that manufacturers of electric motors and household appliances test fine and ultrafine aerosol particle emissions from their products and address the problem. The design of household appliances equipped with electric motors should consider low-aerosol-emission motors and/or the installation of high-efficiency air filters in the motor air cooling duct(s) downstream of the electric motors.
期刊介绍：
Air Quality, Atmosphere, and Health is a multidisciplinary journal which, by its very name, illustrates the broad range of work it publishes and which focuses on atmospheric consequences of human activities and their implications for human and ecological health.
It offers research papers, critical literature reviews and commentaries, as well as special issues devoted to topical subjects or themes.
International in scope, the journal presents papers that inform and stimulate a global readership, as the topic addressed are global in their import. Consequently, we do not encourage submission of papers involving local data that relate to local problems. Unless they demonstrate wide applicability, these are better submitted to national or regional journals.
Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health addresses such topics as acid precipitation; airborne particulate matter; air quality monitoring and management; exposure assessment; risk assessment; indoor air quality; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric modeling and prediction; air pollution climatology; climate change and air quality; air pollution measurement; atmospheric impact assessment; forest-fire emissions; atmospheric science; greenhouse gases; health and ecological effects; clean air technology; regional and global change and satellite measurements.
This journal benefits a diverse audience of researchers, public health officials and policy makers addressing problems that call for solutions based in evidence from atmospheric and exposure assessment scientists, epidemiologists, and risk assessors. Publication in the journal affords the opportunity to reach beyond defined disciplinary niches to this broader readership.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
