Advancing Our Understanding of Plant–Microbe Interactions through Integrating Multiomics and Stable Isotopes for Sustainable Agriculture

Both plants and microbes share a vital relationship. Microbes are strong drivers of plant adaptation and evolution, as they impact plant growth, facilitate nutrient cycling, and influence susceptibility or tolerance to both abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Similarly, plants also influence microbial colonization and help establish microbial consortia in the rhizosphere through exuded metabolites and molecular signals. These plant–microbe relationships have a significant role in agriculture and soil health, but understanding them is difficult because of the complexity and variability of the rhizosphere. However, recent omics developments offer new opportunities to delve deeper into these complex communities. This review focuses on integrating multiomics methods and stable isotopes to gain a better idea of how plants and microbes interact, which will help in the better utilization of beneficial interactions for plant growth and productivity.