{"title":"含水量和剪切速率对含蜡油包水乳状液水合物形成和聚集的影响","authors":"Wuchang Wang*, Tianhong Xu, Xin Geng, Guangchun Song, Zheng Xu, Minghui Yao, Yuchuan Qian and Yuxing Li*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00793","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >Subsea pipelines are critical links in the transportation of offshore oil and gas. Wax and hydrates may form and aggregate simultaneously, increasing the system viscosity and causing blockages. Using a high-pressure reactor, we investigated the effects of the water content and shear rate on the formation and aggregation of wax-containing oil-in-water emulsion natural gas hydrates. Experimental results showed that an increase in the water content promotes hydrate growth on the wall surface and enhances hydrate nucleation, thereby increasing hydrate formation. However, wax weakens this effect. An increase in the water content also promotes hydrate particle aggregation, increasing the initial particle size of hydrate particles and the viscosity of the slurry, thereby reducing the flowability of the hydrate slurry. However, wax can inhibit hydrate particle aggregation. Increasing the shear rate accelerates the formation of hydrate films and nucleation at the wall surface, increasing hydrate production. However, shear action disrupts the spatial network structure of liquid wax, significantly increasing the nucleation rate. Elevated shear rates promote the aggregation of hydrate particles, thereby increasing the viscosity of the hydrate slurry. Meanwhile, the presence of wax compounds this effect by further reducing the system’s flowability. Finally, the mechanism of hydrate growth and aggregation in wax-containing oil-in-water systems under the influence of water content and shear rate is proposed, providing reference and support for pipeline flow safety assurance.</p>","PeriodicalId":34,"journal":{"name":"Crystal Growth & Design","volume":"25 15","pages":"6392–6407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of Water Content and Shear Rate on Wax-Containing Water-in-Oil Emulsion Hydrate Formation and Aggregation\",\"authors\":\"Wuchang Wang*, Tianhong Xu, Xin Geng, Guangchun Song, Zheng Xu, Minghui Yao, Yuchuan Qian and Yuxing Li*, \",\"doi\":\"10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00793\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p >Subsea pipelines are critical links in the transportation of offshore oil and gas. Wax and hydrates may form and aggregate simultaneously, increasing the system viscosity and causing blockages. Using a high-pressure reactor, we investigated the effects of the water content and shear rate on the formation and aggregation of wax-containing oil-in-water emulsion natural gas hydrates. Experimental results showed that an increase in the water content promotes hydrate growth on the wall surface and enhances hydrate nucleation, thereby increasing hydrate formation. However, wax weakens this effect. An increase in the water content also promotes hydrate particle aggregation, increasing the initial particle size of hydrate particles and the viscosity of the slurry, thereby reducing the flowability of the hydrate slurry. However, wax can inhibit hydrate particle aggregation. Increasing the shear rate accelerates the formation of hydrate films and nucleation at the wall surface, increasing hydrate production. However, shear action disrupts the spatial network structure of liquid wax, significantly increasing the nucleation rate. Elevated shear rates promote the aggregation of hydrate particles, thereby increasing the viscosity of the hydrate slurry. Meanwhile, the presence of wax compounds this effect by further reducing the system’s flowability. Finally, the mechanism of hydrate growth and aggregation in wax-containing oil-in-water systems under the influence of water content and shear rate is proposed, providing reference and support for pipeline flow safety assurance.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":34,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Crystal Growth & Design\",\"volume\":\"25 15\",\"pages\":\"6392–6407\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-17\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Crystal Growth & Design\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00793\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Crystal Growth & Design","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00793","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of Water Content and Shear Rate on Wax-Containing Water-in-Oil Emulsion Hydrate Formation and Aggregation
Subsea pipelines are critical links in the transportation of offshore oil and gas. Wax and hydrates may form and aggregate simultaneously, increasing the system viscosity and causing blockages. Using a high-pressure reactor, we investigated the effects of the water content and shear rate on the formation and aggregation of wax-containing oil-in-water emulsion natural gas hydrates. Experimental results showed that an increase in the water content promotes hydrate growth on the wall surface and enhances hydrate nucleation, thereby increasing hydrate formation. However, wax weakens this effect. An increase in the water content also promotes hydrate particle aggregation, increasing the initial particle size of hydrate particles and the viscosity of the slurry, thereby reducing the flowability of the hydrate slurry. However, wax can inhibit hydrate particle aggregation. Increasing the shear rate accelerates the formation of hydrate films and nucleation at the wall surface, increasing hydrate production. However, shear action disrupts the spatial network structure of liquid wax, significantly increasing the nucleation rate. Elevated shear rates promote the aggregation of hydrate particles, thereby increasing the viscosity of the hydrate slurry. Meanwhile, the presence of wax compounds this effect by further reducing the system’s flowability. Finally, the mechanism of hydrate growth and aggregation in wax-containing oil-in-water systems under the influence of water content and shear rate is proposed, providing reference and support for pipeline flow safety assurance.
期刊介绍:
The aim of Crystal Growth & Design is to stimulate crossfertilization of knowledge among scientists and engineers working in the fields of crystal growth, crystal engineering, and the industrial application of crystalline materials.
Crystal Growth & Design publishes theoretical and experimental studies of the physical, chemical, and biological phenomena and processes related to the design, growth, and application of crystalline materials. Synergistic approaches originating from different disciplines and technologies and integrating the fields of crystal growth, crystal engineering, intermolecular interactions, and industrial application are encouraged.