Aulia Putri Ayu, Laniyati Hamijoyo, Suryani Gunadharma, Sofiati Dian, Sobaryati Mansur, Aih Cahyani, Paulus Anam Ong
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This study serves as a preliminary investigation to examine the relationship between serum NSE levels and cognitive function in SLE patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from January to August 2024 at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, including SLE patients aged 18-55 years meeting the EULAR/ACR 2019 criteria. Exclusion criteria included pregnancy, neurological disorders (e.g., CNS infections, neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, epilepsy, head trauma), psychiatric conditions, substance abuse, systemic metabolic disorders, malignancy, other autoimmune diseases, or HIV. Cognitive function was assessed using MoCA-Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina) and serum NSE levels were measured. Associations between serum NSE and MoCA-Ina scores were analyzed using Spearman's correlation (<i>p</i> < .05).ResultsEighty-one participants (median age 32 years; 93.8% female) were included. Cognitive dysfunction (MoCA-Ina <26) was identified in 38.3%. Median serum NSE levels were higher in participants with cognitive dysfunction compared to those with normal cognition (14.0 ng/mL vs 12.7 ng/mL). Serum NSE levels showed a negative correlation with MoCA-Ina total scores (r = -0.225, <i>p</i> = .022) and executive function (r = -0.204, <i>p</i> = .034). Cognitive dysfunction was also associated with longer disease duration and a history of seizures.ConclusionThis study demonstrates a significant association between neuronal injury, as indicated by elevated serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels, and cognitive impairment in SLE patients, with a particular impact on executive function. Longitudinal studies incorporating neuronal biomarkers are essential to provide deeper insights into the progression of cognitive dysfunction in SLE patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":18044,"journal":{"name":"Lupus","volume":" ","pages":"1119-1127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Cognitive dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus: A pilot study on the role of serum neuron-specific enolase levels.\",\"authors\":\"Aulia Putri Ayu, Laniyati Hamijoyo, Suryani Gunadharma, Sofiati Dian, Sobaryati Mansur, Aih Cahyani, Paulus Anam Ong\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/09612033251366396\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>IntroductionSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that often manifests during productive years and frequently involves the central nervous system (CNS), including cognitive dysfunction, which occurs at twice the prevalence of the general population. While the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is effective for detecting mild cognitive impairment, no reliable biomarkers that indicate SLE patients at risk of cognitive dysfunction exist. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), a specific marker of neuronal cell damage, has been shown in several studies to be highly expressed in cognitive dysfunction. This study serves as a preliminary investigation to examine the relationship between serum NSE levels and cognitive function in SLE patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from January to August 2024 at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, including SLE patients aged 18-55 years meeting the EULAR/ACR 2019 criteria. Exclusion criteria included pregnancy, neurological disorders (e.g., CNS infections, neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, epilepsy, head trauma), psychiatric conditions, substance abuse, systemic metabolic disorders, malignancy, other autoimmune diseases, or HIV. Cognitive function was assessed using MoCA-Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina) and serum NSE levels were measured. Associations between serum NSE and MoCA-Ina scores were analyzed using Spearman's correlation (<i>p</i> < .05).ResultsEighty-one participants (median age 32 years; 93.8% female) were included. Cognitive dysfunction (MoCA-Ina <26) was identified in 38.3%. Median serum NSE levels were higher in participants with cognitive dysfunction compared to those with normal cognition (14.0 ng/mL vs 12.7 ng/mL). Serum NSE levels showed a negative correlation with MoCA-Ina total scores (r = -0.225, <i>p</i> = .022) and executive function (r = -0.204, <i>p</i> = .034). Cognitive dysfunction was also associated with longer disease duration and a history of seizures.ConclusionThis study demonstrates a significant association between neuronal injury, as indicated by elevated serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels, and cognitive impairment in SLE patients, with a particular impact on executive function. Longitudinal studies incorporating neuronal biomarkers are essential to provide deeper insights into the progression of cognitive dysfunction in SLE patients.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18044,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Lupus\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1119-1127\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Lupus\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/09612033251366396\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/8/9 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"RHEUMATOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Lupus","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09612033251366396","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/8/9 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"RHEUMATOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,通常表现在生产年龄,经常涉及中枢神经系统(CNS),包括认知功能障碍,其发生率是普通人群的两倍。虽然蒙特利尔认知评估(MoCA)对检测轻度认知障碍是有效的,但没有可靠的生物标志物表明SLE患者存在认知功能障碍的风险。神经元特异性烯醇化酶(Neuron-specific enolase, NSE)是神经元细胞损伤的特异性标志物,在认知功能障碍中高表达。本研究旨在初步探讨SLE患者血清NSE水平与认知功能之间的关系。方法于2024年1月至8月在Hasan Sadikin总医院进行了一项横断面研究,包括18-55岁符合EULAR/ACR 2019标准的SLE患者。排除标准包括怀孕、神经系统疾病(如中枢神经系统感染、神经退行性疾病、中风、癫痫、头部创伤)、精神疾病、药物滥用、全身代谢紊乱、恶性肿瘤、其他自身免疫性疾病或艾滋病毒。使用印尼版moca (MoCA-Ina)评估认知功能,并测量血清NSE水平。采用Spearman相关分析血清NSE与MoCA-Ina评分之间的关系(p < 0.05)。结果81例参与者(中位年龄32岁;93.8%为女性)。认知功能障碍(MoCA-Ina p = 0.022)和执行功能障碍(r = -0.204, p = 0.034)。认知功能障碍还与较长的疾病持续时间和癫痫发作史有关。结论:本研究表明,SLE患者的神经元损伤(如血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平升高)与认知功能障碍之间存在显著关联,尤其是对执行功能的影响。结合神经元生物标志物的纵向研究对于深入了解SLE患者认知功能障碍的进展至关重要。
Cognitive dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus: A pilot study on the role of serum neuron-specific enolase levels.
IntroductionSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that often manifests during productive years and frequently involves the central nervous system (CNS), including cognitive dysfunction, which occurs at twice the prevalence of the general population. While the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is effective for detecting mild cognitive impairment, no reliable biomarkers that indicate SLE patients at risk of cognitive dysfunction exist. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), a specific marker of neuronal cell damage, has been shown in several studies to be highly expressed in cognitive dysfunction. This study serves as a preliminary investigation to examine the relationship between serum NSE levels and cognitive function in SLE patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from January to August 2024 at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, including SLE patients aged 18-55 years meeting the EULAR/ACR 2019 criteria. Exclusion criteria included pregnancy, neurological disorders (e.g., CNS infections, neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, epilepsy, head trauma), psychiatric conditions, substance abuse, systemic metabolic disorders, malignancy, other autoimmune diseases, or HIV. Cognitive function was assessed using MoCA-Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina) and serum NSE levels were measured. Associations between serum NSE and MoCA-Ina scores were analyzed using Spearman's correlation (p < .05).ResultsEighty-one participants (median age 32 years; 93.8% female) were included. Cognitive dysfunction (MoCA-Ina <26) was identified in 38.3%. Median serum NSE levels were higher in participants with cognitive dysfunction compared to those with normal cognition (14.0 ng/mL vs 12.7 ng/mL). Serum NSE levels showed a negative correlation with MoCA-Ina total scores (r = -0.225, p = .022) and executive function (r = -0.204, p = .034). Cognitive dysfunction was also associated with longer disease duration and a history of seizures.ConclusionThis study demonstrates a significant association between neuronal injury, as indicated by elevated serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels, and cognitive impairment in SLE patients, with a particular impact on executive function. Longitudinal studies incorporating neuronal biomarkers are essential to provide deeper insights into the progression of cognitive dysfunction in SLE patients.
期刊介绍:
The only fully peer reviewed international journal devoted exclusively to lupus (and related disease) research. Lupus includes the most promising new clinical and laboratory-based studies from leading specialists in all lupus-related disciplines. Invaluable reading, with extended coverage, lupus-related disciplines include: Rheumatology, Dermatology, Immunology, Obstetrics, Psychiatry and Cardiovascular Research…