商业植物类固醇产品的标签有多可靠?一个为期12周的随机双盲训练研究。

IF 3.9 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Joshua Dissemond, Tim Havers, Steffen Held, Stephan Geisler, Tihomir Kostov, Patrick Diel, Svea Türschmann, Maria K Parr, Eduard Isenmann
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引用次数: 0

摘要

20-羟基蜕皮激素(20E)和薯蓣皂苷元(DSG)等植物类固醇在体外、动物和人体研究中显示出有希望的合成代谢和性能增强作用。在补充剂中结合植物类固醇是很常见的,早期的体外研究表明通过不同的信号通路产生叠加效应。然而,缺乏关于20E和DSG联合作用的人体研究。本研究旨在评估市售的20E和DSG补充剂的合成代谢和性能增强潜力。方法:招募28名接受阻力训练的年轻男性参与本研究。参与者被随机分为两组:20E和DSG (EcDi)组和安慰剂(place)组。两组都进行了自由重量阻力训练,每周三次,持续12周。EcDi组接受市售的植物类固醇产品,每天三次(按照标签上的建议),而place组接受安慰剂产品。评估在四个时间点(T0、T1[4周]、T2[8周]、T3[12周])进行,包括测量深蹲(SQ)和卧推(BP)运动的单次最大重复量(1-RM),以及体重(BW)、无脂量(FFM)、肌肉量(MM)、脂肪量(FM)和胸大肌(PM)和近端、股骨前侧股四头肌(即股直肌和股中间肌)和外侧股四头肌(即股外侧肌和股中间肌)的中间和远端区域。通过干预前后的血液样本测量肝脏和肾脏功能以及内分泌参数。采用LC-MS/MS检测产物中20E和DSG的浓度,干预后用C2C12细胞评价其生物活性。数据分析采用线性混合模型(LMM)。结果:24名参与者成功完成了研究。两组患者的1-RM SQ和BP均有显著改善,这表明有时间效应,但没有特定的组效应。同样,FFM、MM、FM和肌肉厚度(股前股四头肌30%、股外股四头肌50%和PM)也存在显著的时间效应,但没有组效应。对补充剂的后续分析显示,胶囊中存在的20E浓度不到所声称的1%,DSG浓度不到所声称的10.4%。此外,在C2C12细胞中未检测到生物活性或增生性作用。结论:本研究表明,规定的阻力训练方案可以产生显著的合成代谢和性能增强效果,在组间没有差异。缺乏组特异性差异表明,测试的植物类固醇补充剂没有提供额外的益处。声称的20E和DSG浓度与实际浓度之间的显著差异导致C2C12细胞缺乏生物活性,并可能导致缺乏可测量的组特异性效应。为了提高未来植物类固醇研究的可靠性,我们强烈建议:(1)验证补充剂中的活性化合物浓度,其实际含量和不存在潜在的违禁物质污染;(2)使用体外模型确认其生物活性。实施这些措施将有助于减少不一致,提高未来植物类固醇研究的可靠性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
How reliable is the labeling of a commercial phytosteroid product? A 12-week randomized double-blind training study.

Introduction: Phytosteroids like 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and diosgenin (DSG) have shown promising anabolic and performance-enhancing effects in in vitro, animal, and human studies. Combining phytosteroids is common in supplements, with early in vitro research suggesting additive effects via distinct signaling pathways. However, human studies on the combined effects of 20E and DSG are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the anabolic and performance-enhancing potential of a commercially available 20E and DSG supplement.

Methods: Twenty-eight resistance-trained young men were recruited for this study. Participants were randomized into two groups: a 20E and DSG (EcDi) group, and a placebo (Plac) group. Both groups performed free-weight resistance training three times per week for 12 weeks. The EcDi group received a commercially available phytosteroid product three times a day (as recommended on the label), while the Plac group received a placebo product. Assessments were conducted at four time points (T0, T1 [4 weeks], T2 [8 weeks], T3 [12 weeks]) and included measurements of one-repetition maximum (1-RM) for the squat (SQ) and bench press (BP) exercises, as well as body weight (BW), fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass (MM), fat mass (FM), and muscle thickness of the pectoralis major (PM) and the proximal, middle and distal regions of the anterior (i.e. M. rectus femoris and M. vastus intermedius) and lateral quadriceps femoris (i.e. M. vastus lateralis and M. vastus intermedius). Liver and kidney function, along with endocrine parameters, were measured via blood samples pre- and post-intervention. Additionally, the concentration of 20E and DSG in the product was measured by LC-MS/MS, and its biological activity was evaluated using C2C12 cells after the intervention. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed model (LMM).

Results: Twenty-four participants completed the study successfully. Significant improvements in 1-RM SQ and BP were observed across both groups, indicating a time but no specific group effect. Similarly, significant time effects without group effects were found for FFM, MM, FM and muscle thickness (anterior quadriceps femoris at 30%, lateral quadriceps femoris at 50% and PM). Subsequent analyses of the supplement revealed that less than 1% of the claimed 20E concentration and 10.4% of the claimed DSG concentration were present in the capsules. In addition, no biological activity or hypertrophic effects were detected in the C2C12 cells.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the prescribed resistance training protocol resulted in significant anabolic and performance-enhancing effects that did not differ between groups. The lack of group-specific differences suggests that the tested phytosteroid supplement did not provide additional benefits. The significant discrepancy between the claimed and actual 20E and DSG concentration resulted in the lack of biological activity in C2C12 cells and likely contributed to the absence of measurable group-specific effects. To enhance the reliability of future phytosteroid research, we strongly recommend: (1) verification of active compound concentrations in supplements, its actual content and absence of potential contamination with prohibited substances, (2) confirmation of their biological activity using in vitro models. Implementing these measures will help to minimize inconsistencies and enhance the reliability of future studies on phytosteroids.

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来源期刊
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition NUTRITION & DIETETICS-SPORT SCIENCES
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
3.90%
发文量
34
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (JISSN) focuses on the acute and chronic effects of sports nutrition and supplementation strategies on body composition, physical performance and metabolism. JISSN is aimed at researchers and sport enthusiasts focused on delivering knowledge on exercise and nutrition on health, disease, rehabilitation, training, and performance. The journal provides a platform on which readers can determine nutritional strategies that may enhance exercise and/or training adaptations leading to improved health and performance.
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