Assessment of the Prevalence and Coagulation Profiles of Individuals with Coagulation Factor Deficiencies in the Asir Region, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Bleeding and coagulation disorders are influenced by genetic variations and environmental factors. The prevalence of coagulation factor deficiencies in Saudi Arabia, at both national and regional levels, remains largely unexamined. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of coagulation factor deficiencies and analyze the corresponding coagulation profiles in patients exhibiting low coagulation factor levels in the Asir region.

Methods: This retrospective study assessed 228 patients exhibiting low coagulation factor levels. Data relevant to patients with coagulation factor deficiencies, including coagulation profiles and factor values, were extracted from the hospital information system. The Mann-Whitney test was employed to ascertain the significance of differences.

Results: Among patients with coagulation factor deficiencies, fibrinogen was the most prevalent, occurring in 32.5% of cases, followed by factor VIII at 24.1% and factor IX at 13.6%. Factor XIII deficiency was the least prevalent, occurring at a rate of 1.3%. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time confirmed our findings and demonstrated expected results in relation to most factors.

Conclusions: The present study determined that factors I, VIII, and IX were the most prevalent among all examined deficient coagulation factors in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. There is a lack of research on coagulation factor deficiencies in Saudi Arabia; thus, this study might establish a basis for future regional or national investigations.