2024年4月至12月,在美国8个城市,在服务不足的人群中,急诊部门对疫苗接种知识、疫苗接种覆盖率和接受疫苗接种意愿的调查。

Robert M Rodriguez,Jesus R Torres,Brian Chinnock,Efrat Kean,Kristin L Rising,Christopher Conn,Michael Gottlieb,Shwetha Sekar,Perla Gomez,Lorenia Olivera,Stephanie A Eucker,Sofia DiFulvio,Christopher Alvarez,Melanie F Molina,Shaokui Ge,Vijaya Arun Kumar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目前的疫苗接种覆盖筛查和监测模式可能会错过服务不足的人群,他们唯一的卫生保健途径是在急诊室(EDs)。在2024年4月至12月期间,对美国5个州8个城市10个急诊科评估的非危重症成年患者进行了调查,以确定患者的疫苗接种知识、自我报告的疫苗接种覆盖率以及在急诊科接种疫苗的意愿。在研究小组接触的4326名患者中,3285名(75.9%)同意参与。非西班牙裔黑人或非裔美国人(黑人)、非西班牙裔白人和西班牙裔或拉丁裔(西班牙裔)人各占约30%的参与者;17.9%的人以西班牙语为主要语言;7.8%的住房不稳定或处于边缘;21.0%缺乏初级卫生保健来源。大约一半(49.4%)的人没有听说过一种或多种cdc推荐的疫苗,85.9%的人没有接种过一种或多种推荐的疫苗。与未及时接种推荐疫苗相关的因素包括非西班牙裔黑人种族和民族(调整后优势比[aOR] = 1.93;95% CI = 1.32-2.85),缺乏初级卫生保健(aOR = 2.91;95% CI = 1.74-5.13),以及缺乏医疗保险(aOR = 3.01;95% ci = 1.27-8.82)。在2,821名没有及时接种推荐疫苗的受访者中,46.4%表示如果在急诊科就诊时可以提供一种或多种缺失疫苗,他们会接受,其中86.7%表示会接受所有缺失疫苗。错过疫苗剂量的主要原因是参与者不知道或没有提供疫苗。可以探索急诊室作为提供疫苗接种筛查、建议、咨询和转诊的额外站点,以增加服务不足人群的疫苗接种覆盖率。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Emergency Department Survey of Vaccination Knowledge, Vaccination Coverage, and Willingness to Receive Vaccines in an Emergency Department Among Underserved Populations - Eight U.S. Cities, April-December, 2024.
Current models of vaccination coverage screening and surveillance might miss underserved populations whose only health care access occurs in emergency departments (EDs). During April-December 2024, a survey of non-critically ill adult patients evaluated in 10 EDs in eight U.S. cities across five states was conducted to ascertain patients' vaccination knowledge, self-reported vaccination coverage, and willingness to receive vaccines in an ED. Among 4,326 patients approached by the research team, 3,285 (75.9%) agreed to participate. Non-Hispanic Black or African American (Black), non-Hispanic White, and Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) persons each accounted for approximately 30% of participants; 17.9% spoke Spanish as their primary language; 7.8% had unstable or marginal housing; and 21.0% lacked a source of primary health care. Approximately one half (49.4%) had not heard of one or more CDC-recommended vaccines for their age group, and 85.9% had not received one or more of the recommended vaccines. Factors associated with not being up to date with recommended vaccinations included non-Hispanic Black race and ethnicity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.32-2.85), lack of primary health care (aOR = 2.91; 95% CI = 1.74-5.13), and lack of health insurance (aOR = 3.01; 95% CI = 1.27-8.82). Among 2,821 participants who were not up to date with recommended vaccines, 46.4% said that they would accept one or more missing vaccines if they could be provided during their ED visit, and 86.7% of these persons said they would accept all missing vaccines. The primary reasons for missed vaccine doses were that the participant was unaware of or had not been offered the vaccines. EDs could be explored as additional sites to offer vaccination screening, recommendations, counseling, and referrals to increase vaccination coverage among underserved populations.
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