Nutta-On P Blair, Gyujoon Hwang, B Douglas Ward, Stacy A Claesges, Abigail R Webber, Keri R Hainsworth, Yang Wang, Charles F Reynolds, Elliot A Stein, Joseph S Goveas
{"title":"长期悲伤障碍的大规模脑网络连接中断:与悲伤相关的回避、向往和侵入性思想的关系。","authors":"Nutta-On P Blair, Gyujoon Hwang, B Douglas Ward, Stacy A Claesges, Abigail R Webber, Keri R Hainsworth, Yang Wang, Charles F Reynolds, Elliot A Stein, Joseph S Goveas","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.011","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Large-scale brain network dysfunctions have been implicated in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Disrupted interactions between these networks may similarly underlie key symptoms in prolonged grief disorder (PGD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a cross-sectional, functional magnetic resonance imaging study, resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between large-scale networks were compared in demographic- and time since loss-equated older adults with probable PGD (n=42) and those with integrated grief (n=45). Group independent component analysis revealed multiple networks, eight of which (salience, default mode, left and right executive control, ventral attention, dorsal attention, sensorimotor, and visual) were selected for further analyses, with rsFC strength between all network pairs computed. Networks with significant group differences were further assessed using fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) to determine within-network differences. The relationships between connectivity measures and clinical symptoms were explored independently in the PGD and integrated grief groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher rsFC between the salience (SN) and default mode (DMN) networks was observed in PGD compared with integrated grief (p<sub>corrected</sub> = 0.014), which positively correlated with grief severity (p<sub>corrected</sub> = 0.04) and grief-related avoidance (p<sub>corrected</sub> = 0.04). In PGD, higher fALFF was observed in the DMN (p<sub>uncorrected</sub> = 0.04), but not the SN. Principal component analysis revealed four symptom dimensions, with connectivity between multiple brain networks extending beyond SN and DMN associated with an intrusive thoughts/yearning/avoidance component.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Aberrant connectivity between the SN and DMN appears to be a neurobiological correlate of grief severity and avoidance in PGD. Broader between-network connectivity disruptions correlate with intrusive thoughts, yearning, and avoidance, warranting further investigations into the mechanistic role of brain network dysfunction in PGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12346161/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Disrupted Large-Scale Brain Network Connectivity in Prolonged Grief Disorder: Relationship with Grief-Related Avoidance, Yearning, and Intrusive Thoughts.\",\"authors\":\"Nutta-On P Blair, Gyujoon Hwang, B Douglas Ward, Stacy A Claesges, Abigail R Webber, Keri R Hainsworth, Yang Wang, Charles F Reynolds, Elliot A Stein, Joseph S Goveas\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.07.011\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Large-scale brain network dysfunctions have been implicated in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Disrupted interactions between these networks may similarly underlie key symptoms in prolonged grief disorder (PGD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a cross-sectional, functional magnetic resonance imaging study, resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between large-scale networks were compared in demographic- and time since loss-equated older adults with probable PGD (n=42) and those with integrated grief (n=45). Group independent component analysis revealed multiple networks, eight of which (salience, default mode, left and right executive control, ventral attention, dorsal attention, sensorimotor, and visual) were selected for further analyses, with rsFC strength between all network pairs computed. Networks with significant group differences were further assessed using fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) to determine within-network differences. The relationships between connectivity measures and clinical symptoms were explored independently in the PGD and integrated grief groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher rsFC between the salience (SN) and default mode (DMN) networks was observed in PGD compared with integrated grief (p<sub>corrected</sub> = 0.014), which positively correlated with grief severity (p<sub>corrected</sub> = 0.04) and grief-related avoidance (p<sub>corrected</sub> = 0.04). In PGD, higher fALFF was observed in the DMN (p<sub>uncorrected</sub> = 0.04), but not the SN. Principal component analysis revealed four symptom dimensions, with connectivity between multiple brain networks extending beyond SN and DMN associated with an intrusive thoughts/yearning/avoidance component.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Aberrant connectivity between the SN and DMN appears to be a neurobiological correlate of grief severity and avoidance in PGD. Broader between-network connectivity disruptions correlate with intrusive thoughts, yearning, and avoidance, warranting further investigations into the mechanistic role of brain network dysfunction in PGD.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":93900,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12346161/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Biological psychiatry. 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Disrupted Large-Scale Brain Network Connectivity in Prolonged Grief Disorder: Relationship with Grief-Related Avoidance, Yearning, and Intrusive Thoughts.
Background: Large-scale brain network dysfunctions have been implicated in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Disrupted interactions between these networks may similarly underlie key symptoms in prolonged grief disorder (PGD).
Methods: In a cross-sectional, functional magnetic resonance imaging study, resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between large-scale networks were compared in demographic- and time since loss-equated older adults with probable PGD (n=42) and those with integrated grief (n=45). Group independent component analysis revealed multiple networks, eight of which (salience, default mode, left and right executive control, ventral attention, dorsal attention, sensorimotor, and visual) were selected for further analyses, with rsFC strength between all network pairs computed. Networks with significant group differences were further assessed using fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) to determine within-network differences. The relationships between connectivity measures and clinical symptoms were explored independently in the PGD and integrated grief groups.
Results: Higher rsFC between the salience (SN) and default mode (DMN) networks was observed in PGD compared with integrated grief (pcorrected = 0.014), which positively correlated with grief severity (pcorrected = 0.04) and grief-related avoidance (pcorrected = 0.04). In PGD, higher fALFF was observed in the DMN (puncorrected = 0.04), but not the SN. Principal component analysis revealed four symptom dimensions, with connectivity between multiple brain networks extending beyond SN and DMN associated with an intrusive thoughts/yearning/avoidance component.
Conclusions: Aberrant connectivity between the SN and DMN appears to be a neurobiological correlate of grief severity and avoidance in PGD. Broader between-network connectivity disruptions correlate with intrusive thoughts, yearning, and avoidance, warranting further investigations into the mechanistic role of brain network dysfunction in PGD.