想当警察的大学生比同龄人更倾向于右倾。

IF 9.1 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Tyler T Reny,Marcel F Roman,Benjamin J Newman,David O Sears
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引用次数: 0

摘要

长期以来,对警察中存在偏见和过度使用武力的一个解释是选择性——即那些选择在执法部门工作的人比公众更有可能持有极右翼、不宽容和反平等主义的观点。虽然这是一种直觉,而且被广泛相信,但支持选择假说的证据却出奇地少。我们提供了一个重要的贡献,通过探索选择在其最早的阶段之一:青少年晚期进入大学和职业规划阶段的生活。通过对美国44个州1300多万晚期青少年的调查,我们发现那些打算成为执法人员的人在种族关系、移民和跨文化关系、妇女和性别角色、同性恋和同性恋权利、吸毒、言论自由和刑事司法等问题上持有更右倾的观点,比有其他职业意向的同龄人或未决定职业意向的模态同龄人,作为“空白板”对照组。至关重要的是,这些发现主要适用于白人和非白人,但在女性中有所减弱。这些异质性的来源值得注意,因为有证据表明,雇用更多的非白人警官可能会改善警务中的偏见和过度使用武力,并随之推动警察力量多样化。我们的研究结果表明,选择进入执法部门的非白人可能会持有再现(而不是减弱)现有警察偏见的观点,从而为这种推动提供了警告。相比之下,我们的研究结果为扩大女警官队伍、偏见测试和警察招聘培训方面的改革工作提供了指导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Late adolescents entering college intending a career as police officers hold more right-leaning views than their peers.
One longstanding explanation for bias and excessive force in policing is selection-the assertion that those who select to work in law enforcement are more likely to hold far-right, intolerant, and antiegalitarian, views than the public. While intuitive and widely believed, the evidence in support of the selection hypothesis is surprisingly thin. We offer a vital contribution to the literature by exploring selection at one of its earliest phases: late adolescents entering college and the career-formulation stage of life. Utilizing surveys of over 13 million late adolescents collected across 44 y in the United States, we find that those intending a career as a law enforcement officer hold more right-leaning views on race relations, immigration and intercultural relations, women and gender roles, homosexuality and gay rights, drug-use, freedom of speech, and criminal justice, than their peers intending other careers or their modal peer who is undecided with respect to career intentions and serves as a "blank slate" comparison group. Critically, these findings largely hold among Whites and non-Whites but are somewhat attenuated among women. These sources of heterogeneity are noteworthy given evidence suggesting that hiring more non-White officers may ameliorate bias and excessive force in policing and accompanying pushes to diversify police forces. Our findings add caution to such pushes by suggesting that the non-Whites who select into law enforcement may hold views that reproduce, vs. attenuate, existing police bias. In contrast, our findings direct reform efforts toward expanding the ranks of female officers, bias testing, and training during police recruitment.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.00
自引率
0.90%
发文量
3575
审稿时长
2.5 months
期刊介绍: The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer-reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), serves as an authoritative source for high-impact, original research across the biological, physical, and social sciences. With a global scope, the journal welcomes submissions from researchers worldwide, making it an inclusive platform for advancing scientific knowledge.
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