电网拥堵阻碍了美国汽车电气化带来的气候效益

IF 15.7 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Chao Duan, Adilson E. Motter
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引用次数: 0

摘要

避免灾难性的全球变暖需要采取果断行动,使关键部门脱碳。汽车电气化与可再生能源整合是实现零碳排放的长期战略。然而,向完全可再生电力的过渡可能需要几十年的时间——在此期间,电动汽车可能仍然依赖于碳密集型电力。我们分析了输电网络在促进或限制美国汽车电气化减排方面的关键作用。我们的模型显示,可用的传输容量严重限制了潜在的二氧化碳减排。有了足够的传输,一旦可再生能源发电达到现有的不可再生能源发电能力,完全电气化几乎可以消除车辆运行中的二氧化碳排放。相比之下,目前的电网只能支持其中的一小部分。在这一过渡期间,要实现汽车电气化的全部减排潜力,需要适度但有针对性地增加传动能力。我们的研究结果强调,迫切需要加强输电基础设施,以释放大规模电气化和可再生能源整合带来的气候效益。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Grid congestion stymies climate benefit from U.S. vehicle electrification

Grid congestion stymies climate benefit from U.S. vehicle electrification

Averting catastrophic global warming requires decisive action to decarbonize key sectors. Vehicle electrification, alongside renewable energy integration, is a long-term strategy toward zero carbon emissions. However, transitioning to fully renewable electricity may take decades—during which electric vehicles may still rely on carbon-intensive electricity. We analyze the critical role of the transmission network in enabling or constraining emissions reduction from U.S. vehicle electrification. Our models reveal that the available transmission capacity severely limits potential CO2 emissions reduction. With adequate transmission, full electrification could nearly eliminate vehicle operational CO2 emissions once renewable generation reaches the existing nonrenewable capacity. In contrast, the current grid would support only a fraction of that benefit. Achieving the full emissions reduction potential of vehicle electrification during this transition will require a moderate but targeted increase in transmission capacity. Our findings underscore the pressing need to enhance transmission infrastructure to unlock the climate benefits of large-scale electrification and renewable integration.

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来源期刊
Nature Communications
Nature Communications Biological Science Disciplines-
CiteScore
24.90
自引率
2.40%
发文量
6928
审稿时长
3.7 months
期刊介绍: Nature Communications, an open-access journal, publishes high-quality research spanning all areas of the natural sciences. Papers featured in the journal showcase significant advances relevant to specialists in each respective field. With a 2-year impact factor of 16.6 (2022) and a median time of 8 days from submission to the first editorial decision, Nature Communications is committed to rapid dissemination of research findings. As a multidisciplinary journal, it welcomes contributions from biological, health, physical, chemical, Earth, social, mathematical, applied, and engineering sciences, aiming to highlight important breakthroughs within each domain.
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