Wolfram Seifert-Davila, Maria Elize van Breugel, Fred van Leeuwen, Christoph W Müller
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Should I stay or should I go: TFIIIC as assembly factor and barrier in RNA polymerase III transcription.
Critical for the regulation of eukaryotic gene transcription is the assembly and interplay of general transcription factors (GTFs) with RNA polymerases (RNAPs), leading to the formation of pre-initiation complexes (PICs) as a rate-limiting step in transcription activation. Compared with RNAPII PIC assembly involving many GTFs, activators, and co-activators, RNAPIII PIC assembly is less complex, involving mainly the four GTFs TFIIIA, TFIIIB, TFIIIC, and snRNA activating protein complex with only a few additional factors. The RNAPIII-specific GTF TFIIIC is present in type I and II promoters. One prominent area of investigation has been the dynamic interaction between TFIIIC and its promoter elements, the varying affinities of TFIIIC toward these elements, and the flexible linker within TFIIIC. Additionally, evidence suggests that TFIIIC may play a dual role, acting as an assembly factor that positions TFIIIB during PIC formation and as a barrier during RNAPIII-mediated transcription. By summarizing recent structural, biochemical, and genomic data, this review explores the mechanisms by which RNAPIII-specific GTFs, with a focus on TFIIIC, dynamically regulate RNAPIII transcription.
期刊介绍:
Biochemical Society Transactions is the reviews journal of the Biochemical Society. Publishing concise reviews written by experts in the field, providing a timely snapshot of the latest developments across all areas of the molecular and cellular biosciences.
Elevating our authors’ ideas and expertise, each review includes a perspectives section where authors offer comment on the latest advances, a glimpse of future challenges and highlighting the importance of associated research areas in far broader contexts.