Posture, Competitiveness, and Motivation of Korean Language Learners: A Mixed-Methods Study

Taking Dörnyei's (2005) L2 motivational self system as the theoretical framework, this study investigates the relationships between Korean language learners’ attitudes toward the L2 community, competitiveness, and motivation. Using a mixed-methods design, data were collected from an anonymous online questionnaire survey with 967 Korean major students at Chinese universities and post-survey interviews with 17 participants from the survey. The results suggested that the extent to which learners relate themselves to the Korean-speaking community played a crucial role in the development of their ideal L2 selves. An intercultural friendship orientation, an intergroup approach-avoidance tendency, and an interest in Korea-related affairs contributed to an enjoyable learning experience. The increased interest in Korea-related affairs and competitiveness enhanced learners’ ought-to L2 selves, while a greater interest in Korea-related vocations and activities reduced their concern about the expectations of others. These findings provide insights into the motivation to learn the Korean language and thus have pedagogical implications for enhancing learners’ motivation to learn languages other than English in higher education institutions.