Transition metal carbides/nitrides meet metal-organic frameworks: synergistic effects in supercapacitor electrodes

Metal organic framework (MOF)/transition metal carbides/nitride (MXene) composites as supercapacitor electrodes are currently a research hotspot. MOFs have adjustable pore structure, ultra-high specific surface area, and abundant redox sites, but poor conductivity and unstable structure. MXenes have rich functional groups, good mechanical strength, and high conductivity, but their interlayer stacking and easy oxidation need to be solved. The composite of MOFs and MXenes can effectively compensate for the shortcomings of both sides through synergistic effects. This article reviews synthesis strategies and analyzes their respective advantages in interface bonding strength and large-scale preparation, with a focus on interface engineering strategies. Combined with density functional theory (DFT) analysis, the synergistic effects of MOF/MXene composites in enhancing electron/ion transport and structural stability, template effect and anti-agglomeration properties were revealed. Furthermore, the article focused on the application of MOF/MXene composites in supercapacitors, emphasizing their good practical potential in flexible devices. Finally, the future opportunities and challenges in interface bonding control, green synthesis, competition avoidance, cost control, as well as integration and large scale manufacturing of flexible devices were prospected, providing a reference for the development of high-performance energy storage materials.