高寒地区小叶草δ13C和δ15N对生态恢复的响应及其与土壤多样性的耦合机制

IF 4.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Fayi Li , Pingna Yin , Liangyu Lv , Shancun Bao , Zongcheng Cai , Shouquan Fu , Jianjun Shi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

高寒草原是青藏高原典型的生态系统类型之一,在区域水源涵养、碳氮循环和饲料生产等方面发挥着重要的生态作用。然而,近年来,持续的人类活动干扰和气候变化的影响导致该地区草地大面积退化,土壤功能下降,植被对水和养分的利用效率低下。这些挑战阻碍了生态恢复和可持续管理的努力。针对这一问题,本研究系统分析了不同恢复时期(2000年、2006年、2013年)小毛苔地上、地下生物量鲜干比、根区土壤鲜干比、植物δ13C和δ15N同位素组成以及土壤理化指标(pH、SOC、TN、AN、TP、AP、TK、AK)的时空变化特征。以人工草地、天然草地和退化的黑土滩脊为研究对象,利用pearson相关分析和结构方程模型(SEM)探讨了它们之间的相互关系和机制。结果表明:随着恢复时间的延长,地上生物量的鲜干比逐渐减小,地下生物量的鲜干比逐渐增大并趋于稳定;土壤鲜干比和Soc、TN、AN、TP、AP、TK、AK等指标逐渐升高,pH显著降低。随着恢复时间的延长,δ13C含量逐渐降低,而δ15N含量逐渐增加。相关分析表明,土壤功能与δ15N、地下生物量和恢复阶段呈显著正相关,与δ13C、地上生物量和ph呈显著负相关。结构方程模型进一步验证了恢复期、土壤功能和同位素之间的因果关系,表明土壤功能增强可以增加δ15N供应和水分获取能力。从而降低植物水分利用效率(WUE),增强植被同化能力。研究表明,随着恢复周期的延长,生态系统组成部分的结构稳定性和水分利用效率均有所提高,土壤、植被和同位素信号之间的耦合关系更加紧密。本研究为高寒草地生态系统草地退化评价和恢复效果监测提供了综合指标体系和理论框架,为优化草地管理策略和建立有效的生态监测体系提供了科学支撑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Responses of δ13C and δ15N in Carex parvula to Ecological Restoration and the Coupling Mechanism with Soil Versatility in Alpine Regions
Alpine grasslands, as one of the typical ecosystem types of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, play a crucial ecological role in regional water conservation, carbon and nitrogen cycling, and forage production. However, in recent years, persistent human activity disturbances and the effects of climate change have led to widespread degradation of grasslands in this region, accompanied by declining soil functionality and inefficient utilization of water and nutrients by vegetation. These challenges impede efforts toward ecological restoration and sustainable management. In response to this issue, this study systematically analyzed the temporal and spatial variations of above-ground and below-ground biomass fresh-dry ratios, root-zone soil fresh-dry ratios of Carex parvula, plant δ13C and δ15N isotopic compositions, and soil physicochemical indicators (pH, SOC, TN, AN, TP, AP, TK, AK) across different restoration periods (2000s, 2006s, 2013s). The research focused on artificial grasslands, natural grasslands (AM), and degraded black soil beach ridges (BOBG), utilizing pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) to investigate their interconnected relationships and underlying mechanisms. The results indicate that with increasing restoration time, the fresh-to-dry ratio of above ground biomass gradually decreases, while the fresh-dry ratio of below ground biomass gradually increases and stabilizes. Soil fresh-dry ratios and indicators such as Soc, TN, AN, TP, AP, TK, and AK progressively increase, while pH decreases significantly. The δ13C content decreases with increasing restoration time, while δ15N gradually increases. The correlation analysis reveals that soil functions are significantly positively associated with δ15N, below-ground biomass, and restoration stage, while being negatively associated with δ13C, above-ground biomass, and pH. Structural Equation Modeling further validated causal pathways among restoration period, soil functionality, and isotopes, indicating that enhanced soil functionality can increase δ15N supply and water acquisition capability, thereby reducing plant water use efficiency (WUE) and enhancing vegetation assimilation capacity. This study demonstrates that with extended restoration periods, the ecosystem components show increased structural stability and water use efficiency, while the coupling relationships between soil, vegetation, and isotopic signals become more interconnected. The study presents a comprehensive indicator system and theoretical framework for assessing grassland degradation and monitoring restoration outcomes in alpine grassland ecosystems, providing scientific support for optimizing grassland management strategies and establishing effective ecological monitoring systems.
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来源期刊
Ecological Engineering
Ecological Engineering 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
5.30%
发文量
293
审稿时长
57 days
期刊介绍: Ecological engineering has been defined as the design of ecosystems for the mutual benefit of humans and nature. The journal is meant for ecologists who, because of their research interests or occupation, are involved in designing, monitoring, or restoring ecosystems, and can serve as a bridge between ecologists and engineers. Specific topics covered in the journal include: habitat reconstruction; ecotechnology; synthetic ecology; bioengineering; restoration ecology; ecology conservation; ecosystem rehabilitation; stream and river restoration; reclamation ecology; non-renewable resource conservation. Descriptions of specific applications of ecological engineering are acceptable only when situated within context of adding novelty to current research and emphasizing ecosystem restoration. We do not accept purely descriptive reports on ecosystem structures (such as vegetation surveys), purely physical assessment of materials that can be used for ecological restoration, small-model studies carried out in the laboratory or greenhouse with artificial (waste)water or crop studies, or case studies on conventional wastewater treatment and eutrophication that do not offer an ecosystem restoration approach within the paper.
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