Comprehensive Review of Core/Shell Nanostructures of Lead-Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots for Improved Optoelectronic Performance and Stability

Lead-halide perovskite colloidal quantum dots (Pe-CQDs) have attracted significant attention in next-generation optoelectronic devices, including solar cells and light-emitting diodes, owing to their excellent optical, electrical, and photophysical properties. However, the inherent instability and performance degradation of Pe-CQDs hinder their commercialization. This review article comprehensively demonstrates the recent research trends in applying the core/shell strategy, which has been successfully utilized in traditional III-V and chalcogenide CQDs, to Pe-CQDs to achieve high performance and stability. By forming a protective shell layer on the Pe-CQD core, surface defects can be controlled, stability against external environments can be improved, and optical properties can be optimized by adjusting energy levels. This article presents various core/shell nanostructures and synthesis methods, along with specific research examples demonstrating the performance enhancement and stability improvement effects of the resulting Pe-CQDs, thereby providing important insights for the development of high-performance and stable Pe-CQD-based optoelectronic devices.