外太空拥挤与鼻窦炎：国际空间站研究

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q2 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI:10.1002/lio2.70229

Faizaan Khan, Koyal Ansingkar, Roshan Dongre, Zain Mehdi, Aatin K. Dhanda, Kayla Powell, Tariq Syed, Samuel E. Razmi, Isuru Somawardana, Jeffrey T. Vrabec, David Hilmers, Omar G. Ahmed, Masayoshi Takashima

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究旨在描述国际空间站（ISS）上鼻窦症状及其相关药物使用的定量数据。第二个重点是将这些发现与任务参数（如参与舱外活动和任务持续时间）联系起来。方法本回顾性队列研究利用美国国家航空航天局（NASA）宇航员健康终生监测（LSAH）项目的数据进行。从2000年的第1次探险开始，到2019年的第62次探险，71名身份不明的国际空间站宇航员中，有754起记录在案的医疗事件；60名宇航员报告了任何类型的鼻窦医疗事件（85%），最常见的是53名宇航员（75%）的一般鼻塞。34名宇航员（57%）的症状归因于微重力引起的液体流动，17名宇航员（28%）将症状归因于清耳和气压创伤。伪麻黄碱是使用最多的药物，有记录的使用次数为95次，其次是oxymetazoline喷雾，有51次。在60名有鼻窦医学事件的宇航员中，24名记录中提及舱外活动（EVA）参与的宇航员的记录平均比没有记录的宇航员多9.19次（95% CI: 2.29-17.06）。结论鼻症状是国际空间站宇航员普遍关注的医学问题。研究结果表明，早期与太空飞行相关的流体流动对这些症状有很大影响，通常需要使用药物。EVA参与与较高数量的医疗事件之间的相关性突出了职业风险因素。证据水平

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Congestion and Sinonasal Illness in Outer Space: A Study on the International Space Station

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Congestion and Sinonasal Illness in Outer Space: A Study on the International Space Station

Objectives

This study aims to characterize quantitative data pertaining to sinonasal symptoms and their related medication use aboard the International Space Station (ISS). A secondary focus involves correlating these findings with mission parameters such as extravehicular activity (EVA) participation and mission duration.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study was conducted utilizing data requested from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Lifetime Surveillance of Astronaut Health (LSAH) program.

Results

Of 71 de-identified ISS astronauts beginning with Expedition 1 in the year 2000 through 62 in 2019, there were 754 logged medical events; 60 astronauts reported any type of sinonasal medical event (85%), the most common being general nasal congestion in 53 astronauts (75%). Symptoms were attributed to microgravity-induced fluid shifts in 34 astronauts (57%) while 17 (28%) attributed symptoms to ear clearing and barotrauma. Pseudoephedrine was the most used medication, with 95 recorded uses, followed by oxymetazoline spray at 51. Among the 60 astronauts with sinonasal medical events, the 24 with references to extravehicular activity (EVA) participation in their records had on average, 9.19 more records than those without (95% CI: 2.29–17.06).

Conclusion

Sinonasal symptoms are a prevalent medical concern among astronauts aboard the ISS. The findings suggest that early spaceflight-associated fluid shifts contribute significantly to these symptoms, often requiring medication use. A correlation between EVA participation and a higher number of medical events highlights an occupational risk factor.