Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with Current Collection Through-Hole Electrodes

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained considerable attention owing to their high efficiency and potential for large-scale applications, particularly for flexible substrates that are implemented in industrial roofing and building-integrated photovoltaics. In this article, flexible PSCs with a through-hole current-collection structure using polyimide (PI) films are proposed. Perovskite cells with a conversion efficiency of 12.3% and a short-circuit current density of nearly 18 mA/cm² are successfully fabricated through the precise punching of the PI films and optimization of the dehumidification treatment. However, the film thickness at the hole edges affects the performance, particularly the fill factor, which is a major challenge. The laser scribing processes are also addressed, which cause degradation and issues with moisture penetration, and solutions for improving the film coverage and reducing leakage currents are proposed. The findings indicate that through-hole structures can enhance the roll-to-roll production of flexible PSCs, presenting considerable potential for large-scale applications in photovoltaic systems.