mxene纳米颗粒叶面施用改善镉胁迫下小麦形态生理生化特性：一种新的可持续途径

IF 6.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118781

Ghulam Murtaza , Najmaldin Ezaldin Hassan , Muhammad Usman , Gang Deng , Zeeshan Ahmed , Basharat Ali , Asma Majeed , Hassan Mehmood , Javed Iqbal , Mohamed S. Elshikh , Humaira Rizwana , Shabir Ahmad , Rashid Iqbal , Maximilian Lackner

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引用次数: 0

摘要

镉（Cd2+）污染是农业部门长期存在的问题。利用纳米颗粒（NP）处理植物可以减少重金属胁迫。研究了MXene纳米颗粒（MX-NPs）对小麦镉胁迫的缓解作用。采用比较共聚焦显微镜观察小麦植株的形态、生理、产量、生化、抗氧化酶活性和细胞活力。Cd-stressed植物表现出形态参数和收益率下降的属性,包括叶面积(-49 %),根长度(-35 %),拍摄长度(-18 %),种子重量(-37 %),种子植物(-69 %),每根和芽的鲜重(-55 %和64− %),类胡萝卜素水平(-40 %),总叶绿素(-13 %)、总可溶性糖(-29 %)、总可溶性蛋白(-39 %),抗氧化剂酶活动(APX型、猫和SOD−16 %,−5 %和−14 %,分别),与对照组相比，硝酸还原酶活性（-65 %）。Cd处理下植株的MDA（+270 %）和脯氨酸（+201 %）等胁迫标记物均有所增加。Cd处理组的总黄酮（+481 %）和酚类物质（+92 %）含量较高。叶面应用MX-NPs(1000 ppm)显著缓解Cd-induced压力,增加了在拍摄长度和根长度(+ 41 % + 39 %,分别),种子重量(+ 69 %),每种子植物(+ 99 %),类胡萝卜素浓度(+ 30 %),叶绿素含量(+ 39 %),硝酸还原酶活性(+ 60 %),和总可溶性蛋白(+ 19 %)与对照组相比。在暴露植株中添加1000 ppm-MX-NPs和Cd（250 μM）可增强抗氧化酶，其中APX、CAT和SOD分别增加了76 %、81 %和84 %。共聚焦显微镜显示，暴露于Cd后，MX-NPs增加了细胞活力。综上所述，MX-NPs叶面喷施能有效降低小麦Cd胁迫，促进500 μM Cd胁迫下的农业可持续发展。

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MXene-nanoparticles foliar application improves wheat morpho-physiological and biochemical traits under cadmium (Cd2+) stress: A novel sustainable approach

Cadmium (Cd²⁺) pollution is a persistent problem in the agricultural sector. Plants can be treated with nanoparticles (NP) to reduce heavy metal stress. MXene nanoparticles (MX-NPs) were tested for wheat Cd stress relief. Comparative confocal microscopy was used to examine the morphology, physiology, yield, biochemistry, antioxidant enzyme activity, and cell viability of the wheat plants. Cd-stressed plants exhibited a decline in morphological parameters and yield attributes, including leaf area (-49 %), root length (-35 %), shoot length (-18 %), seed weight (-37 %), seeds per plant (-69 %), root and shoot fresh weight (-55 % and −64 %), carotenoid levels (-40 %), total chlorophyll (-13 %), total soluble sugar (-29 %), total soluble protein (-39 %), antioxidant enzymatic activities (APX, CAT, and SOD by −16 %, −5 %, and −14 %, respectively), and nitrate reductase activity (-65 %) compared to the control group. Stress markers, including MDA (+270 %) and proline (+201 %), increased in plants exposed to Cd. Levels of total flavonoids (+481 %) and phenols (+92 %) were greater in the Cd-treated groups. Foliar application of MX-NPs (1000 ppm) significantly alleviated Cd-induced stress, as demonstrated by increases in shoot length and root length (+41 % and +39 %, respectively), seed weight (+69 %), seeds per plant (+99 %), carotenoid concentration (+30 %), chlorophyll content (+39 %), nitrate reductase activity (+60 %), and total soluble protein (+19 %) compared with the control group. The supplementation of 1000 ppm-MX-NPs with Cd (250 μM) in exposed plants led to an enhancement in antioxidant enzymes, with APX, CAT, and SOD increasing by 76 %, 81 %, and 84 %, respectively. Confocal microscopy revealed that MX-NPs increased cell viability following Cd exposure. In conclusion, MX-NPs foliar spray effectively reduced Cd-induced stress in wheat, promoting sustainable agriculture under 500 μM Cd stress.

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来源期刊

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

1234

审稿时长

88 days

期刊介绍： Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety is a multi-disciplinary journal that focuses on understanding the exposure and effects of environmental contamination on organisms including human health. The scope of the journal covers three main themes. The topics within these themes, indicated below, include (but are not limited to) the following: Ecotoxicology、Environmental Chemistry、Environmental Safety etc.