乳腺癌的免疫原性突变:新抗原免疫治疗的进展、挑战和未来方向。

IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
Almohanad A Alkayyal, Nizar H Saeedi, Mamdouh S Moawadh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

乳腺癌(BC)仍然是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因,强调需要新的,更有效的治疗方法。基于新抗原的免疫疗法——利用肿瘤特异性体细胞突变来增强免疫识别——已经成为一种特别有前途的策略。新一代测序和计算免疫肽组学的进步现在允许系统地绘制肿瘤突变组和快速鉴定免疫原性新抗原,从而实现个性化疫苗设计和更精确地部署免疫检查点阻断。然而,肿瘤内异质性、免疫逃逸机制和个体新表位通常有限的内在免疫原性继续制约着临床疗效。本综述综合了BC中新抗原靶向免疫疗法的现状,概述了其广泛影响的主要障碍,并重点介绍了新兴的解决方案,包括改进的表位预测算法、多表位疫苗构建和协同联合方案。对免疫原性突变体的深入了解有望转化为更持久和广泛适用于乳腺癌患者的治疗方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Immunogenic mutanome of breast cancer: Advances, challenges and future directions in neoantigen-based immunotherapy.

Breast cancer (BC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, underscoring the need for novel, more effective therapies. Neoantigen-based immunotherapy - which harnesses tumor-specific somatic mutations to boost immune recognition - has emerged as a particularly promising strategy. Advances in next-generation sequencing and computational immunopeptidomics now allow systematic mapping of the tumor mutanome and rapid identification of immunogenic neoantigens, enabling personalized vaccine design and more precise deployment of immune-checkpoint blockade. However, intratumor heterogeneity, immune-escape mechanisms and the often-limited intrinsic immunogenicity of individual neoepitopes continue to constrain clinical efficacy. This review synthesizes the current landscape of neoantigen-targeted immunotherapies in BC, outlines the principal obstacles to their broader impact and highlights emerging solutions - including improved epitope-prediction algorithms, multi-epitope vaccine constructs and synergistic combination regimens. A deeper understanding of the immunogenic mutanome is expected to translate into more durable and widely applicable treatments for patients with breast cancer.

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来源期刊
Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine
Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
4.80%
发文量
153
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine has been published by the Wroclaw Medical University since 1992. Establishing the medical journal was the idea of Prof. Bogumił Halawa, Chair of the Department of Cardiology, and was fully supported by the Rector of Wroclaw Medical University, Prof. Zbigniew Knapik. Prof. Halawa was also the first editor-in-chief, between 1992-1997. The journal, then entitled "Postępy Medycyny Klinicznej i Doświadczalnej", appeared quarterly. Prof. Leszek Paradowski was editor-in-chief from 1997-1999. In 1998 he initiated alterations in the profile and cover design of the journal which were accepted by the Editorial Board. The title was changed to Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Articles in English were welcomed. A number of outstanding representatives of medical science from Poland and abroad were invited to participate in the newly established International Editorial Staff. Prof. Antonina Harłozińska-Szmyrka was editor-in-chief in years 2000-2005, in years 2006-2007 once again prof. Leszek Paradowski and prof. Maria Podolak-Dawidziak was editor-in-chief in years 2008-2016. Since 2017 the editor-in chief is prof. Maciej Bagłaj. Since July 2005, original papers have been published only in English. Case reports are no longer accepted. The manuscripts are reviewed by two independent reviewers and a statistical reviewer, and English texts are proofread by a native speaker. The journal has been indexed in several databases: Scopus, Ulrich’sTM International Periodicals Directory, Index Copernicus and since 2007 in Thomson Reuters databases: Science Citation Index Expanded i Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition. In 2010 the journal obtained Impact Factor which is now 1.179 pts. Articles published in the journal are worth 15 points among Polish journals according to the Polish Committee for Scientific Research and 169.43 points according to the Index Copernicus. Since November 7, 2012, Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine has been indexed and included in National Library of Medicine’s MEDLINE database. English abstracts printed in the journal are included and searchable using PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed.
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