{"title":"条件随机量下两个条件事件的广义合取与析取","authors":"Lydia Castronovo , Giuseppe Sanfilippo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijar.2025.109533","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent papers, notions of conjunction and disjunction of two conditional events as suitable conditional random quantities, which satisfy basic probabilistic properties, have been deepened in the setting of coherence. In this framework, the conjunction and the disjunction of two conditional events are defined as five-valued objects, among which are the values of the (subjectively) assigned probabilities of the two conditional events. In the present paper we propose a generalization of these structures, where these new objects, instead of depending on the probabilities of the two conditional events, depend on two arbitrary values <span><math><mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>b</mi></math></span> in the unit interval. We show that they are connected by a generalized version of the De Morgan's law and, by means of a geometrical approach, we compute the lower and upper bounds on these new objects both in the precise and the imprecise case. Moreover, some particular cases, obtained for specific values of <em>a</em> and <em>b</em> or in case of some logical relations, are analyzed. The results of this paper lead to the conclusion that the only objects satisfying all the logical and the probabilistic properties already valid for the operations between events are the ones depending on the probabilities of the two conditional events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13842,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Approximate Reasoning","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 109533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Generalized conjunction and disjunction of two conditional events in the setting of conditional random quantities\",\"authors\":\"Lydia Castronovo , Giuseppe Sanfilippo\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ijar.2025.109533\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>In recent papers, notions of conjunction and disjunction of two conditional events as suitable conditional random quantities, which satisfy basic probabilistic properties, have been deepened in the setting of coherence. In this framework, the conjunction and the disjunction of two conditional events are defined as five-valued objects, among which are the values of the (subjectively) assigned probabilities of the two conditional events. In the present paper we propose a generalization of these structures, where these new objects, instead of depending on the probabilities of the two conditional events, depend on two arbitrary values <span><math><mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>b</mi></math></span> in the unit interval. We show that they are connected by a generalized version of the De Morgan's law and, by means of a geometrical approach, we compute the lower and upper bounds on these new objects both in the precise and the imprecise case. Moreover, some particular cases, obtained for specific values of <em>a</em> and <em>b</em> or in case of some logical relations, are analyzed. The results of this paper lead to the conclusion that the only objects satisfying all the logical and the probabilistic properties already valid for the operations between events are the ones depending on the probabilities of the two conditional events.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":13842,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Approximate Reasoning\",\"volume\":\"187 \",\"pages\":\"Article 109533\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-28\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Approximate Reasoning\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"94\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0888613X25001744\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"计算机科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Approximate Reasoning","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0888613X25001744","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Generalized conjunction and disjunction of two conditional events in the setting of conditional random quantities
In recent papers, notions of conjunction and disjunction of two conditional events as suitable conditional random quantities, which satisfy basic probabilistic properties, have been deepened in the setting of coherence. In this framework, the conjunction and the disjunction of two conditional events are defined as five-valued objects, among which are the values of the (subjectively) assigned probabilities of the two conditional events. In the present paper we propose a generalization of these structures, where these new objects, instead of depending on the probabilities of the two conditional events, depend on two arbitrary values in the unit interval. We show that they are connected by a generalized version of the De Morgan's law and, by means of a geometrical approach, we compute the lower and upper bounds on these new objects both in the precise and the imprecise case. Moreover, some particular cases, obtained for specific values of a and b or in case of some logical relations, are analyzed. The results of this paper lead to the conclusion that the only objects satisfying all the logical and the probabilistic properties already valid for the operations between events are the ones depending on the probabilities of the two conditional events.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Approximate Reasoning is intended to serve as a forum for the treatment of imprecision and uncertainty in Artificial and Computational Intelligence, covering both the foundations of uncertainty theories, and the design of intelligent systems for scientific and engineering applications. It publishes high-quality research papers describing theoretical developments or innovative applications, as well as review articles on topics of general interest.
Relevant topics include, but are not limited to, probabilistic reasoning and Bayesian networks, imprecise probabilities, random sets, belief functions (Dempster-Shafer theory), possibility theory, fuzzy sets, rough sets, decision theory, non-additive measures and integrals, qualitative reasoning about uncertainty, comparative probability orderings, game-theoretic probability, default reasoning, nonstandard logics, argumentation systems, inconsistency tolerant reasoning, elicitation techniques, philosophical foundations and psychological models of uncertain reasoning.
Domains of application for uncertain reasoning systems include risk analysis and assessment, information retrieval and database design, information fusion, machine learning, data and web mining, computer vision, image and signal processing, intelligent data analysis, statistics, multi-agent systems, etc.