轴突是否在间期通过激活细胞质分裂而进化?关于神经元起源的假说。

IF 2.7 3区 生物学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY
Molecular Biology of the Cell Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-30 DOI:10.1091/mbc.E24-12-0585
Kyle E Miller, Francesca Oprea, Sajid Alam, Ania Grodsky, Erin M Craig
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引用次数: 0

摘要

虽然突触进化已被广泛研究,但轴突最初是如何产生的仍未被探索。由于进化通常是通过吸收现有的特征而发生的,我们回顾了细胞分裂、细胞爬行和纤毛发生的进化历史、生物物理学和细胞生物学,以探索轴突的起源。虽然我们发现纤毛和轴突在外观上是相似的,生长锥与爬行细胞的前缘非常相似,但生物物理过程和驱动它们的关键蛋白质似乎与轴突作为一种结构有着微弱的联系。相反,在细胞分裂过程中将子细胞分开的牵引力机制和细胞动力学桥的细胞骨架组织似乎与神经元生长锥和轴突有一对一的对应关系。基于这些观察,我们提出轴突的进化是由于在间期细胞中部分激活细胞质分裂的突变。为了严格验证这一假设,我们建议对每个过程中必不可少的基因进行系统的系统发育分析,并结合分子遗传学研究,其中关键基因被系统地破坏。这样做将为理解不同细胞过程之间的关系提供一个框架,神经元的早期进化,以及可能有助于治疗癌症和促进神经元再生的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Did axons evolve by activating cytokinesis during interphase? A hypothesis on the origin of neurons.

Although synaptic evolution has been extensively studied, how axons first arose remains unexplored. Because evolution often occurs by coopting existing features, we review the evolutionary histories, biophysics, and cell biology of cytokinesis, cell crawling, and ciliogenesis to explore the origin of axons. Although we found that cilia and axons are outwardly similar, and growth cones strongly resemble the leading edge of crawling cells, the biophysical processes and the critical proteins that drive each seem weakly linked to axons as a structure. In contrast, the traction force machinery that pulls daughter cells apart during cytokinesis and the cytoskeletal organization of cytokinetic bridges appear to have a one-to-one correspondence to neuronal growth cones and axons. Based on these observations, we propose the hypothesis that axons evolved due to mutations that partially activated cytokinesis in an interphase cell. To rigorously test this hypothesis, we suggest conducting systematic phylogenetic analysis of the genes essential for each process, paired with molecular genetic studies in which critical genes are systematically disrupted. Doing so will provide a framework for understanding the relationship between diverse cellular processes, the early evolution of neurons, and insights that could potentially assist in treating cancer and promoting neuronal regeneration.

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来源期刊
Molecular Biology of the Cell
Molecular Biology of the Cell 生物-细胞生物学
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
6.10%
发文量
402
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: MBoC publishes research articles that present conceptual advances of broad interest and significance within all areas of cell, molecular, and developmental biology. We welcome manuscripts that describe advances with applications across topics including but not limited to: cell growth and division; nuclear and cytoskeletal processes; membrane trafficking and autophagy; organelle biology; quantitative cell biology; physical cell biology and mechanobiology; cell signaling; stem cell biology and development; cancer biology; cellular immunology and microbial pathogenesis; cellular neurobiology; prokaryotic cell biology; and cell biology of disease.
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