Comparative Evaluation of Inflammatory Markers NLR, PLR, IL-6, and HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Hospital Based Study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with chronic inflammation, reflected by elevated markers like Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR).These inflammatory markers contribute to increased risk of complications related to poor glycemic control in T2DM. Understanding the interplay of metabolic and inflammatory factors in T2DM is crucial for improving prevention, diagnosis, and management strategies. This study was aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of NLR, PLR, IL-6, and HbA1c levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus versus healthy controls within the Kashmiri population.

Methods: A Comparative study was conducted with 600 subjects, comprising 300 T2DM patients and 300 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Biochemical markers including IL-6, NLR, PLR, and HbA1c were measured using standard methods. The association between these markers and glycemic control, obesity, and hematological parameters was assessed.

Results: T2DM patients exhibited significantly higher levels of IL-6, NLR, and PLR compared to controls (P=0.001). Obese diabetic patients had markedly elevated inflammatory markers compared to non-obese diabetic patients. Higher HbA1c levels strongly correlated with increased IL-6, NLR, and PLR (P=0.001). IL-6 also showed significant associations with WBC count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, indicating a link between chronic inflammation and hematological disturbances in T2DM.

Conclusion: The study concludes that the elevated inflammatory markers in T2DM patients, particularly among obese individuals are closely associated with poor glycemic control reflecting the chronic inflammation in T2DM. These findings underscore the need for a comprehensive management approach in T2DM. Regular monitoring of these inflammatory markers may help predict complications and guide therapeutic interventions.