Wildfire and Its Impact on the Ecosystem in Guizhou Province

In February 2024, a total of 221 recorded excess wildfires occurred throughout Guizhou Province. The atypical weather conditions attributed to climate change, seasonal drought during the non-monsoon period, and human activities associated with the Spring Festival are identified as the primary factors contributing to this period of extensive wildfires. To facilitate a comprehensive assessment of the local ecosystem, analyses were conducted on precipitation, temperature, air quality index records, and water quality monitoring of downstream lakes and rivers. The early onset of the rainy season in April exacerbated soil erosion in Guizhou Province, where 81% of the terrain is mountainous. The repercussions of the excess wildfires on the downstream surface water ecosystem may persist for several months. The findings revealed significant differences in biomass accumulation and response times between rivers and lakes. A more thorough understanding of the impacts of wildfires on water and soil is essential for the formulation of effective recovery policies aimed at safeguarding downstream water resources.