乙酰丙嗪、美沙酮和右美托咪定对七氟醚麻醉犬的镇静和心血管作用。

IF 1.9 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia Pub Date : 2025-06-22 DOI:10.1016/j.vaa.2025.06.008

Mihaela Klasić , Alenka Seliškar , Kristina Rakinić , Manica Ipavec , Jerneja Sredenšek , Katerina Tomsič

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的：探讨乙酰丙嗪、美沙酮和右美托咪定或乙酰丙嗪和美沙酮对七氟醚麻醉犬的镇静和心血管作用。研究设计：随机、盲法、前瞻性临床研究。动物：总共有38只客户拥有的健康狗计划进行选择性手术。方法：将狗随机分为肌前注射乙酰丙嗪（0.01 mg kg-1）、美沙酮（0.3 mg kg-1）、右美托咪定（1.5 μg kg-1）（Ace/D组）和乙酰丙嗪（0.01 mg kg-1）、美沙酮（0.3 mg kg-1）（Ace组）两组。进行观察和麻醉的麻醉师对小组是不知情的。在给药前5分钟、10分钟和15分钟以及术后每小时进行一次镇静评分，直到拔管后30分钟开始出院。麻醉由异丙酚诱导，七氟醚在氧气和空气中维持。每隔5分钟记录体温、心率（HR）、呼吸频率（fR）、直动脉血压、潮末七氟醚、潮末二氧化碳（Pe´CO2）和血氧饱和度。采用Shapiro-Wilk检验评估数据分布的正态性。组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验，有统计学意义（p < 0.05）者计算效应量。结果：Ace/D组狗在用药前10分钟镇静评分显著高于对照组（p = 0.02）。Ace/D组丙泊酚诱导剂量显著降低（p = 0.001）。麻醉期间，Ace/D组狗的Pe´CO2值显著升高（p = 0.03），但两组间血压、HR和fR无显著差异。Ace/D组术中需要芬太尼镇痛的犬明显减少（Ace/D组3只，Ace组9只）（p = 0.04）。结论：低剂量右美托咪定改善了术前镇静和术中镇痛，降低了丙泊酚诱导剂量。

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Sedative and cardiovascular effects of premedication with acepromazine, methadone and dexmedetomidine in sevoflurane-anaesthetized dogs

Objective

To evaluate the sedative and cardiovascular effects of premedication with acepromazine, methadone and dexmedetomidine or acepromazine and methadone in sevoflurane-anaesthetized dogs.

Study design

A randomized, blinded, prospective clinical study.

Animals

A total of 38 client-owned healthy dogs scheduled for elective surgery.

Methods

Dogs were randomly assigned to intramuscular premedication with acepromazine (0.01 mg kg^-1), methadone (0.3 mg kg^-1) and dexmedetomidine (1.5 μg kg^-1) (Ace/D group) or with acepromazine (0.01 mg kg^-1) and methadone (0.3 mg kg^-1) (Ace group). The anaesthetist who performed the observations and anaesthesia was blinded to the group. Sedation was scored at 5, 10 and 15 minutes after premedication and postoperatively every hour until discharge, starting 30 minutes after extubation. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with sevoflurane in oxygen and air. Body temperature, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (f_R), direct arterial blood pressure, end-tidal sevoflurane, end-tidal carbon dioxide (Pe´CO₂) and oxygen saturation were recorded at 5 minute intervals. The normality of data distribution was assessed with the Shapiro–Wilk test. The Mann–Whitney U test was used for comparison between groups, and effect size was calculated in cases of statistical significance (p < 0.05).

Results

Dogs in the Ace/D group had significantly higher sedation scores 10 minutes after premedication (p = 0.02). The propofol induction doses were significantly lower in the Ace/D group (p = 0.001). During anaesthesia, dogs in the Ace/D group had significantly higher Pe´CO₂ values (p = 0.03), but no significant differences in blood pressure, HR and f_R were observed between the groups. Significantly fewer dogs in the Ace/D group required rescue analgesia with fentanyl (p = 0.04) during surgery (three in Ace/D and nine in Ace group).

Conclusions

Low-dose dexmedetomidine improved preoperative sedation and intraoperative analgesia and reduced the induction dose of propofol in dogs premedicated with acepromazine and methadone.

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来源期刊

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

17.60%

发文量

审稿时长

97 days

期刊介绍： Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia is the official journal of the Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists, the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia and the European College of Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia. Its purpose is the publication of original, peer reviewed articles covering all branches of anaesthesia and the relief of pain in animals. Articles concerned with the following subjects related to anaesthesia and analgesia are also welcome: the basic sciences; pathophysiology of disease as it relates to anaesthetic management equipment intensive care chemical restraint of animals including laboratory animals, wildlife and exotic animals welfare issues associated with pain and distress education in veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia. Review articles, special articles, and historical notes will also be published, along with editorials, case reports in the form of letters to the editor, and book reviews. There is also an active correspondence section.