线粒体靶向治疗神经退行性疾病的纳米技术方法。

IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL
Ahmet Doğan Ergin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:线粒体是能量代谢和细胞稳态所必需的动态细胞器,在ATP产生、钙调节、氧化还原平衡和细胞凋亡中起着关键作用。然而,线粒体功能障碍是神经退行性疾病发病机制的核心因素,包括阿尔茨海默病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化症、亨廷顿氏病和帕金森病。鉴于线粒体在神经元存活中的重要作用,恢复线粒体功能的靶向治疗策略已经获得了显著的关注。本文综述了线粒体靶向治疗的最新进展及其在神经退行性疾病中的潜在应用。方法:对线粒体靶向治疗策略进行了全面的文献综述,重点是基于纳米技术的药物传递系统。该分析包括各种基于纳米颗粒的方法,如脂质体、dqasome和聚合物纳米颗粒,这些方法已经证明了高生物相容性、药物释放控制和提高线粒体靶向效率。此外,线粒体穿透肽和离域亲脂性阳离子(dlc)在改善线粒体内药物定位和克服生物屏障(包括血脑屏障(BBB))中的作用也被讨论。结果:最近的研究表明,线粒体靶向抗氧化剂、肽和生物相容性纳米载体在线粒体功能障碍和保护神经元免受氧化损伤方面具有潜力。各种基于纳米颗粒的药物递送系统已经证明了选择性靶向线粒体的能力,提高了药物的生物利用度、治疗效果和神经退行性疾病的神经保护效果。结论:线粒体靶向治疗为旨在保持神经元完整性和延缓疾病进展的疾病修饰治疗提供了有希望的途径。纳米颗粒的独特性质,如增强药物稳定性、促进控制释放和实现精确的线粒体定位的能力,使其成为神经退行性疾病治疗的宝贵工具。未来的研究应侧重于优化给药系统,验证临床适用性,探索跨学科方法,以加速转化为有效的治疗方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Nanotechnological Approaches for Mitochondrial Targeting in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Objectives: Mitochondria are dynamic organelles essential for energy metabolism and cellular homeostasis, playing critical roles in ATP production, calcium regulation, redox balance, and apoptosis. However, mitochondrial dysfunction is a central factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Given the essential role of mitochondria in neuronal survival, targeted therapeutic strategies that restore mitochondrial function have gained significant attention. This review explores the latest advances in mitochondrial-targeted therapies and their potential applications in neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted on mitochondrial-targeted therapeutic strategies, with a focus on nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems. The analysis includes various nanoparticle-based approaches, such as liposomes, DQAsomes, and polymeric nanoparticles, which have demonstrated high biocompatibility, controlled drug release, and enhanced mitochondrial targeting efficiency. Additionally, mitochondria-penetrating peptides and delocalized lipophilic cations (DLCs) are discussed for their role in improving drug localization within mitochondria and overcoming biological barriers, including the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Results: Recent research shows the potential of mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants, peptides, and biocompatible nanocarriers in arranging mitochondrial dysfunction and protecting neurons from oxidative damage. Various nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have demonstrated the ability to selectively target mitochondria, improving drug bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy, and neuroprotective outcomes in neurodegenerative diseases.

Conclusion: Mitochondria-targeted therapies provide promising avenues for disease-modifying treatments aimed at preserving neuronal integrity and delaying disease progression. The unique properties of nanoparticles, such as their ability to enhance drug stability, facilitate controlled release, and achieve precise mitochondrial localization, make them valuable tools for neurodegenerative disease therapy. Future research should focus on optimizing delivery systems, validating clinical applicability, and exploring interdisciplinary approaches to accelerate translation into effective treatments.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
2.90%
发文量
186
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry is a forum for the review of areas of keen and topical interest to medicinal chemists and others in the allied disciplines. Each issue is solely devoted to a specific topic, containing six to nine reviews, which provide the reader a comprehensive survey of that area. A Guest Editor who is an expert in the topic under review, will assemble each issue. The scope of Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry will cover all areas of medicinal chemistry, including current developments in rational drug design, synthetic chemistry, bioorganic chemistry, high-throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, compound diversity measurements, drug absorption, drug distribution, metabolism, new and emerging drug targets, natural products, pharmacogenomics, and structure-activity relationships. Medicinal chemistry is a rapidly maturing discipline. The study of how structure and function are related is absolutely essential to understanding the molecular basis of life. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry aims to contribute to the growth of scientific knowledge and insight, and facilitate the discovery and development of new therapeutic agents to treat debilitating human disorders. The journal is essential for every medicinal chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important advances.
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