A Pd nanoparticle-loaded nanoscale covalent organic framework to enhance tumor therapy by synergistic hydrogen/photothermal therapy

Herein, we report a nanoscale composite COF material loaded with Pd nanoparticles and H₂via a stepwise post-synthetic modification. The obtained PdH_0.18@COF was shown to affect mitochondrial function by disrupting the intracellular redox balance and thus down-regulating the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), thereby enhancing the photothermal therapy of tumors.