德国老年人认知障碍、生活质量和死亡率的社会经济差异

IF 2.6 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
PLoS ONE Pub Date : 2025-07-28 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0328988
Omar Hahad, Jasmin Ghaemi Kerahrodi, Isabel Heinrich, Katharina Geschke, Katja Petrowski, Elmar Brähler, Julia Petersen, Anna C Reinwarth, Julian Chalabi, Alexander K Schuster, Emilio Gianicolo, Karl Lackner, Peter R Galle, Stavros Konstantinides, Sadeer Al-Kindi, Philipp Wild, Oliver Tüscher, Matthias Michal, Manfred E Beutel
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:全球老年人口正在增加,导致非传染性疾病和残疾增加,特别是在西方国家。随着老龄化人口的增加和老年认知障碍患者的增加,人们对认知障碍相关的社会经济差异越来越感兴趣。本研究调查了德国老年人的社会经济地位(SES)、认知障碍、生活质量和死亡率之间的关系。方法:分析德国古腾堡健康研究(2017-2024)老年队列(N = 1069)的数据,重点分析75-85岁的老年人。采用协变量顺序调整的回归模型来确定SES各领域(SES指数包括教育背景、职业状况和家庭净收入)与认知障碍(蒙特利尔认知评估)、生活质量(EUROHIS-QOL)和全因死亡率之间的关系。结果:不同社会地位的认知障碍评分差异显著,社会地位越高,认知能力越好。在SES领域中,家庭净收入得分是认知障碍的最强预测因子。同样,较高的社会地位与较高的生活质量显著相关,而认知障碍与生活质量之间没有关联。此外,认知障碍与较高的全因死亡率显著相关,而SES与死亡率无显著关联。没有观察到SES和认知障碍与生活质量或全因死亡率之间的显著相互作用。结论:在老年人中,SES与认知功能障碍密切相关。然而,认知障碍是造成全因死亡率的一个比SES更重要的危险因素。这些发现表明,公共卫生战略需要优先考虑认知健康监测和有针对性的干预措施,同时解决社会不平等问题,以减轻这些不良后果的负担。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Socioeconomic disparities in cognitive impairment, quality of life, and mortality among older adults in Germany.

Socioeconomic disparities in cognitive impairment, quality of life, and mortality among older adults in Germany.

Socioeconomic disparities in cognitive impairment, quality of life, and mortality among older adults in Germany.

Socioeconomic disparities in cognitive impairment, quality of life, and mortality among older adults in Germany.

Background: The global older population is increasing, leading to a rise in non-communicable diseases and disabilities, particularly in Western countries. With the aging population expanding and the number of older adults with cognitive impairments expected to rise, there is increasing interest in understanding the socioeconomic disparities associated with cognitive impairment. This study investigates the relationships between socioeconomic status (SES), cognitive impairment, quality of life, and mortality among older adults in Germany.

Methods: Data from the senior cohort (N = 1,069) of the German Gutenberg Health Study (2017-2024) were analyzed, focusing on older adults aged 75-85 years. Regression modeling with sequential adjustment for covariates was employed to determine the association between various domains of SES (SES index comprising educational background, occupational status, and household net-income) and cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment), quality of life (EUROHIS-QOL), and all-cause mortality.

Results: Cognitive impairment scores varied significantly by SES with higher SES being associated with better cognitive performance. Among the SES domains, the household net-income score was the strongest predictor of cognitive impairment. Likewise, higher SES was significantly associated with higher quality of life, whereas no association between cognitive impairment and quality of life was found. Additionally, cognitive impairment was significantly associated with higher all-cause mortality, whereas SES did not show a significant association with mortality. No significant interactions between SES and cognitive impairment were observed in relation to quality of life or all-cause mortality.

Conclusion: Among older adults, SES is strongly associated with cognitive impairment. However, cognitive impairment emerges as a more significant risk factor for all-cause mortality than SES. These findings suggest the need for public health strategies to prioritize cognitive health monitoring and targeted interventions, while simultaneously addressing social inequalities, to reduce the burden of these adverse outcomes.

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来源期刊
PLoS ONE
PLoS ONE 生物-生物学
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
5.40%
发文量
14242
审稿时长
3.7 months
期刊介绍: PLOS ONE is an international, peer-reviewed, open-access, online publication. PLOS ONE welcomes reports on primary research from any scientific discipline. It provides: * Open-access—freely accessible online, authors retain copyright * Fast publication times * Peer review by expert, practicing researchers * Post-publication tools to indicate quality and impact * Community-based dialogue on articles * Worldwide media coverage
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