{"title":"新诊断的2型糖尿病患者维生素D不足与缺乏者心血管自主功能及生物标志物的比较","authors":"Visakamutharasi Murugiah, Pravati Pal, Jaya Prakash Sahoo, Nivedita Nanda, Suryanarayana Bettadpura Shamanna","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1804_24","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vitamin D is a neuroactive hormone having influence on several biological functions. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunctions as well as inflammation and oxidative stress are evident in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the development and progression of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunctions in T2DM. Vitamin D insufficiency is prevalent in T2DM. However, the autonomic function status and biomarkers in vitamin D deficient and vitamin D insufficient newly diagnosed T2DM subjects are not clear. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the cardiovascular autonomic function and biomarkers between vitamin D insufficient and vitamin D deficient people with newly diagnosed T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Newly diagnosed 47 T2DM subjects (mean age 38 ± 4.2 years) were recruited based on American Diabetes Association criteria. They were divided into vitamin D deficient (<20 ng/ml; <i>n</i> = 30) and vitamin D insufficient group (20-30 ng/ml, <i>n</i> = 17) according to Endocrinology Society guidelines. Heart rate variability (HRV), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and conventional autonomic function tests, 25 (OH) D, oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory markers were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the vitamin D insufficient group, the vitamin D deficient group showed significantly decreased 25 (OH) D (<i>P</i> < 0.001), BRS (<i>P</i> = .004), high frequency (normalised units) (<i>P</i> < .001), total power (<i>P</i> = .048), adiponectin (<i>P</i> = .050); and significantly increased low frequency (normalised units) (<i>P</i> = .036) and low frequency: high frequency ratio (<i>P</i> = .038), malondialdehyde (<i>P</i> < .001), interleukin-6 (<i>P</i> = .009), fibroblast growth factor-21 (<i>P</i> = .043), and redox ratio (<i>P</i> = .005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study found the vitamin D deficient group had a reduced parasympathetic and higher sympathetic tone along with greater oxidative stress and inflammation compared to the vitamin D insufficient group in newly diagnosed T2DM subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 6","pages":"2294-2300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12296275/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Comparison of cardiovascular autonomic function and biomarkers between vitamin D insufficient and deficient people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.\",\"authors\":\"Visakamutharasi Murugiah, Pravati Pal, Jaya Prakash Sahoo, Nivedita Nanda, Suryanarayana Bettadpura Shamanna\",\"doi\":\"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1804_24\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vitamin D is a neuroactive hormone having influence on several biological functions. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunctions as well as inflammation and oxidative stress are evident in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the development and progression of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunctions in T2DM. Vitamin D insufficiency is prevalent in T2DM. However, the autonomic function status and biomarkers in vitamin D deficient and vitamin D insufficient newly diagnosed T2DM subjects are not clear. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the cardiovascular autonomic function and biomarkers between vitamin D insufficient and vitamin D deficient people with newly diagnosed T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Newly diagnosed 47 T2DM subjects (mean age 38 ± 4.2 years) were recruited based on American Diabetes Association criteria. They were divided into vitamin D deficient (<20 ng/ml; <i>n</i> = 30) and vitamin D insufficient group (20-30 ng/ml, <i>n</i> = 17) according to Endocrinology Society guidelines. Heart rate variability (HRV), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and conventional autonomic function tests, 25 (OH) D, oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory markers were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the vitamin D insufficient group, the vitamin D deficient group showed significantly decreased 25 (OH) D (<i>P</i> < 0.001), BRS (<i>P</i> = .004), high frequency (normalised units) (<i>P</i> < .001), total power (<i>P</i> = .048), adiponectin (<i>P</i> = .050); and significantly increased low frequency (normalised units) (<i>P</i> = .036) and low frequency: high frequency ratio (<i>P</i> = .038), malondialdehyde (<i>P</i> < .001), interleukin-6 (<i>P</i> = .009), fibroblast growth factor-21 (<i>P</i> = .043), and redox ratio (<i>P</i> = .005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study found the vitamin D deficient group had a reduced parasympathetic and higher sympathetic tone along with greater oxidative stress and inflammation compared to the vitamin D insufficient group in newly diagnosed T2DM subjects.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15856,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care\",\"volume\":\"14 6\",\"pages\":\"2294-2300\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12296275/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1804_24\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/6/30 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"PRIMARY HEALTH CARE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1804_24","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/6/30 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PRIMARY HEALTH CARE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparison of cardiovascular autonomic function and biomarkers between vitamin D insufficient and deficient people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Introduction: Vitamin D is a neuroactive hormone having influence on several biological functions. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunctions as well as inflammation and oxidative stress are evident in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the development and progression of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunctions in T2DM. Vitamin D insufficiency is prevalent in T2DM. However, the autonomic function status and biomarkers in vitamin D deficient and vitamin D insufficient newly diagnosed T2DM subjects are not clear. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the cardiovascular autonomic function and biomarkers between vitamin D insufficient and vitamin D deficient people with newly diagnosed T2DM.
Methods: Newly diagnosed 47 T2DM subjects (mean age 38 ± 4.2 years) were recruited based on American Diabetes Association criteria. They were divided into vitamin D deficient (<20 ng/ml; n = 30) and vitamin D insufficient group (20-30 ng/ml, n = 17) according to Endocrinology Society guidelines. Heart rate variability (HRV), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and conventional autonomic function tests, 25 (OH) D, oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory markers were measured.
Results: Compared to the vitamin D insufficient group, the vitamin D deficient group showed significantly decreased 25 (OH) D (P < 0.001), BRS (P = .004), high frequency (normalised units) (P < .001), total power (P = .048), adiponectin (P = .050); and significantly increased low frequency (normalised units) (P = .036) and low frequency: high frequency ratio (P = .038), malondialdehyde (P < .001), interleukin-6 (P = .009), fibroblast growth factor-21 (P = .043), and redox ratio (P = .005).
Conclusion: The present study found the vitamin D deficient group had a reduced parasympathetic and higher sympathetic tone along with greater oxidative stress and inflammation compared to the vitamin D insufficient group in newly diagnosed T2DM subjects.
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