Analysis of inflammation parameter value lymphocyte monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) to differentiate malignant and benign ovarian tumors.

Objective: Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecological cancers. In the early stages, it is generally asymptomatic, leading to delays in the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Inflammation, which is the body's response to tissue damage, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cancer. Inflammatory responses result in cellular changes, damaged tissue repair, and affected area proliferation. This research aims to determine the differences in LMR (Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio), PLR (Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio), and SIRI (Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index), which were the parameters of inflammation between ovarian malignant tumors and benign ovarian tumors.

Results: This retrospective cohort study analyzed medical records of 327 patients treated at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, between 2020 and 2022, including 166 cases of malignant ovarian tumors and 161 benign ovarian tumors. Inflammatory markers were calculated from routine blood counts. The mean LMR was significantly lower in the malignant group than the benign group (3.32 vs. 3.83, P = 0.004). Conversely, PLR and SIRI values were significantly higher in malignant tumors (PLR: 355 vs. 213, P = 0.001; SIRI: 3.50 vs. 2.97, P = 0.042). These findings suggest that LMR, PLR, and SIRI may serve as supportive inflammatory biomarkers in distinguishing malignant from benign ovarian tumors.