Gender theory and female homicide victimization: A cross-national analysis 2000-2019.

This study examines the association between gender inequality and female homicide victimization using cross-national panel datasets from the WHO Mortality Database. While the "Ameliorative Hypothesis" and "Backlash Hypothesis" exhibit strong explanatory power, their contradictory conclusions caution against unidimensional analytical frameworks, underscoring the need for typologizing gender inequality. Through multidimensional analysis of economic income, political status, labor participation, and educational attainment, results reveal that economic gender equality correlates with increased female homicide victimization rates, while political gender equality demonstrates mitigating effects. No significant associations were observed for labor participation and educational attainment dimensions. Social environment indicators also show differential impacts on victimization rates. These findings highlight the multifaceted nature of female homicide victimization determinants, necessitating context specific legal and policy interventions for women's rights protection.