农业集约化对杂草花和竞争性状的影响:法国葡萄园和一年生作物的时空研究

IF 6.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
L. Martin-Lefevre , M. Ollivier , E. Kazakou , M.-C. Bopp , G. Fried
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引用次数: 0

摘要

杂草在农业生态系统中发挥着双重作用,既提供生态系统服务,也提供生态系统危害。农业集约化,特别是除草剂的使用,重塑了杂草群落,对一年生和多年生种植系统产生了明显的影响。然而,强化如何影响杂草的多功能性,特别是在竞争和授粉方面,仍然是有限的。本研究探讨了杂草群落对农业集约化的时空响应,重点研究了与竞争和授粉相关的性状。具体而言,(1)不同种植制度下花卉和竞争性状的变化;(2)利用来自一年生作物和葡萄园的全国杂草调查,研究了它们对管理措施(特别是除草剂)的响应;(3)利用两个历时杂草调查数据集,研究了花功能多样性的长期变化。结果表明,葡萄园支持的杂草群落比一年生作物更有利于传粉者。虽然除草剂减少了一年生系统中的花卉资源,但在葡萄园中耕作和割草等做法可以帮助保持花卉多样性。相比之下,竞争性状对除草剂的使用没有一致的反应,突出了环境依赖效应。随着时间的推移,观察到杂草花卉多样性的不同趋势:从20世纪70年代到2020年 年,一年生作物数量下降,而从20世纪80年代起,葡萄园数量有所增加。这些结果强调了考虑杂草的功能作用及其管理环境的重要性。为了充分掌握杂草对农业生态系统多功能性的贡献,必须长期监测杂草-传粉媒介的相互作用和耕作方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impacts of agricultural intensification on weed floral and competitive traits: A spatiotemporal study in French vineyards and annual crops
Weeds play a dual role in agroecosystems, offering both ecosystem services and disservices. Agricultural intensification, particularly herbicide use, has reshaped weed communities, with distinct effects in annual and perennial cropping systems. However, how intensification influences weed multifunctionality—especially in terms of competition and pollination—remains limited. This study explores how weed communities respond to agricultural intensification along spatial and temporal gradients, focusing on traits related to competition and pollination. Specifically, (1) the variation in floral and competitive traits across cropping systems, (2) their responses to management practices, especially herbicides, using national weed surveys from annual crops and vineyards, and (3) long-term changes in floral functional diversity, using two diachronic weed survey datasets, are examined. The results show that vineyards support weed communities more favourable to pollinators than annual crops. While herbicides reduce floral resources in annual systems, practices such as tillage and mowing in vineyards can help maintain floral diversity. In contrast, competitive traits showed no consistent response to herbicide use, highlighting context-dependent effects. Over time, diverging trends in weed floral diversity were observed: a decline in annual crops from the 1970s to 2020 s, and an improvement in vineyards from the 1980s onward. These results underscore the importance of considering both functional roles of weeds and their management context. To fully grasp the contribution of weeds to agroecosystem multifunctionality, long-term monitoring of weed–pollinator interactions and farming practices is essential.
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来源期刊
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
11.70
自引率
9.10%
发文量
392
审稿时长
26 days
期刊介绍: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment publishes scientific articles dealing with the interface between agroecosystems and the natural environment, specifically how agriculture influences the environment and how changes in that environment impact agroecosystems. Preference is given to papers from experimental and observational research at the field, system or landscape level, from studies that enhance our understanding of processes using data-based biophysical modelling, and papers that bridge scientific disciplines and integrate knowledge. All papers should be placed in an international or wide comparative context.
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