埃塞俄比亚农场条件下保护玉米的传统储存方法与改良储存方法的比较

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Stored Products Research Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI:10.1016/j.jspr.2025.102765

Anmut Mulualem Shibeshi , Aynadis Molla Asemu , Karta Kaske Kalsa

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引用次数: 0

摘要

埃塞俄比亚的玉米种植区已经采用了储存粮食保护战略，而大多数农民仍在使用传统方法。改进传统的玉米储存方法尚未得到很好的探索。因此，本研究比较了在农户条件下，改良传统贮藏方法与普渡改良作物贮藏袋对贮藏玉米的防虫效果。试验在3个农户住宅中进行，为期6个月，采用6种贮藏结构，分别为：(1)滤饼处理过的玉米籽粒贮藏在木桶中；(2)内衬聚乙烯片材；(3) gotta（本地控制）；(4)内衬聚乙烯片材的聚丙烯袋；(5)聚丙烯袋（局部控制）；(6)使用普渡改良作物贮藏袋（PICS）。采后损失指标如活虫数、籽粒损失率、籽粒损失率、千粒重、容重、发芽率，以及籽粒水分、淀粉、蛋白质、油脂、总灰分等理化性质的数据，每隔3个月采集一次。用滤饼处理过的玉米谷物储存在果皮中没有活虫活动，而在果皮中内衬聚乙烯片显示活象甲数量（每公斤2只）与PICS袋（每公斤4只）相当。此外，在整个贮藏期内，PICS袋、聚乙烯衬里果脯和滤饼处理的果脯对籽粒重量和萌发的影响最小。因此，除了商业化的密闭储存技术外，改进传统的储存结构，如将滤饼应用于谷物和聚丙烯板衬里，可以作为一种综合的方法。此外，埃塞俄比亚应推广包括PICS袋技术在内的非化学储存方法，以实现玉米谷物的可持续保护。

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Comparison of traditional and improved storage methods for protection of stored maize under on-farm conditions in Ethiopia

Stored grain protection strategies have been introduced in maize growing areas of Ethiopia while a majority of farmers are still using traditional methods. Improving traditional maize storage methods has not been well explored. Hence, the present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of improved traditional storage methods and Purdue Improved Crop Storage bags for the protection of stored maize grain from insects under farmers' conditions. The experiment was conducted in three farmers’ houses for 6-months with six storage structures such as (1) filter cake treated maize grain stored in gotta; (2) gotta lined with polyethylene sheet; (3) gotta (local control); (4) polypropylene bags lined with polyethylene sheet; (5) polypropylene bag (local control); and (6) Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) bags were used. Data on post-harvest loss indicators like live insect count, percentage grain damage, percentage weight loss, thousand kernel weight, bulk density, germination percentage, and the physicochemical properties like grain moisture, starch, protein, oil, and total ash content were collected at three months interval for six months. Storing maize grain treated with filter cake in the gotta has resulted in no live insect activity while lining the gotta with a polyethylene sheet has exhibited live weevil counts (2 insects per kg) comparable with that of the PICS bag (4 insects per kg). Besides, losses of grain weight and germination were comparably minimal in the PICS bag, gotta lined with polyethylene sheet, and filter cake treated grain in gotta throughout the entire storage period. Hence, besides the commercial hermetic storage technologies, improving the traditional storage structures such as gotta through filter cake application to the grain and polypropylene sheet lining can be considered as an integrated approach. Besides, such non-chemical storage methods, including the PICS bag technology should be promoted for the sustainable protection of maize grain in Ethiopia.

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来源期刊

Journal of Stored Products Research 生物-昆虫学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

18.50%

发文量

112

审稿时长

45 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Stored Products Research provides an international medium for the publication of both reviews and original results from laboratory and field studies on the preservation and safety of stored products, notably food stocks, covering storage-related problems from the producer through the supply chain to the consumer. Stored products are characterised by having relatively low moisture content and include raw and semi-processed foods, animal feedstuffs, and a range of other durable items, including materials such as clothing or museum artefacts.