短期摄入西方饮食对固有代谢率不同的田鼠有氧运动表现的影响。

IF 2.8 4区 医学 Q2 PHYSIOLOGY
Alaa Hseiky, Edyta T Sadowska, Paweł Koteja
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由于肥胖和相关疾病部分归因于无限制地食用高脂肪、高糖的西方饮食(WD),一些研究已经调查了其对健康和身体健康的不利影响。然而,短期补充WD很少受到关注。我们想知道这种补充是否可以改善具有固有独特有氧能力的动物的有氧运动表现。我们选用的田鼠[Clethrionomys (= Myodes) glareolus]来自高游泳诱导有氧代谢品系(A)和未选择的对照品系(C)。在交叉设计中,我们测量了98只动物的耐力跑距离、有氧能力(V²O max ${\dot V_{{\mathrm{O}}_2}{\mathrm{max}}}}$)、峰值速度(Vmax)和呼吸交换比,这些动物分别饲喂标准鼠类饲料(14.5 kJ/g)和WD (20.5 kJ/g;48%来自碳水化合物,其中28%来自添加蔗糖,39%来自脂肪),试验前2天。A系的v_2 max ${\dot V_{{\mathrm{O}}_2}{\mathrm{max}}}}$、Vmax和续航距离均高于C系。在A行,耐力距离随Vmax的增加而增加,但不随Vmax ${\dot V_{{\mathrm{O}}_2}{\mathrm{max}}}}$的增加而增加,而在C行,耐力距离随Vmax ${\dot V_{{\mathrm{O}}_2}{\mathrm{max}}}}$的增加而增加。WD处理导致大鼠体质量增加(p = 0.006),对v_2 max ${\dot V_{{\mathrm{O}}_2}{\mathrm{max}}}}$没有影响(p = 0.4),但有降低Vmax (p = 0.04)、耐力距离(p = 0.099)、试验期间体重损失(p = 0.008)和呼吸交换比(p = 0.02)的趋势。这些结果表明,选择实验提供了一个基因上不同的有氧运动员和非运动员的模型,其中运动表现似乎受到不同机制的限制。无论遗传背景如何,短期补充WD并不能改善有氧运动的表现,还会降低运动作为减肥方法的有效性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The effects of short-term consumption of a Western diet on aerobic exercise performance in bank voles with inherently distinct metabolic rates.

Because obesity and related diseases are partly attributed to unrestricted consumption of a high-fat, high-sugar Western diet (WD), several studies have examined its adverse effects on health and physical fitness. However, short-term WD supplementation has received little attention. We asked whether such supplementation can improve the aerobic exercise performance of animals with inherently distinct aerobic capacity. We used bank voles [Clethrionomys (= Myodes) glareolus] from lines selected for high swim-induced aerobic metabolism (A) and unselected control lines (C). In a crossover design, we measured endurance running distance, aerobic capacity ( V ̇ O 2 max ${\dot V_{{{\mathrm{O}}_2}{\mathrm{max}}}}$ ), peak speed (Vmax) and respiratory exchange ratio in 98 animals fed standard rodent diet (14.5 kJ/g) or WD (20.5 kJ/g; 48% from carbohydrates, including 28% from added sucrose, and 39% from fat) for 2 days before the trials. The V ̇ O 2 max ${\dot V_{{{\mathrm{O}}_2}{\mathrm{max}}}}$ , Vmax and endurance distance were higher in A lines than in C lines. In A lines, endurance distance increased with Vmax but not with V ̇ O 2 max ${\dot V_{{{\mathrm{O}}_2}{\mathrm{max}}}}$ , whereas in C lines it increased more with V ̇ O 2 max ${\dot V_{{{\mathrm{O}}_2}{\mathrm{max}}}}$ than with Vmax. The WD treatment resulted in increased body mass (p = 0.006) and did not affect V ̇ O 2 max ${\dot V_{{{\mathrm{O}}_2}{\mathrm{max}}}}$ (p = 0.4), but tended to decrease Vmax (p = 0.04), endurance distance (p = 0.099), mass loss during the trials (p = 0.008) and, in A lines only, the respiratory exchange ratio (p = 0.02). These results show that the selection experiment provides a model of genetically distinct aerobic athletes and non-athletes, in whom exercise performance appears to be limited by different mechanisms. Regardless of the genetic background, short-term WD supplementation does not improve aerobic exercise performance and reduces the effectiveness of exercise as a method of weight loss.

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来源期刊
Experimental Physiology
Experimental Physiology 医学-生理学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
3.70%
发文量
262
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Experimental Physiology publishes research papers that report novel insights into homeostatic and adaptive responses in health, as well as those that further our understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms in disease. We encourage papers that embrace the journal’s orientation of translation and integration, including studies of the adaptive responses to exercise, acute and chronic environmental stressors, growth and aging, and diseases where integrative homeostatic mechanisms play a key role in the response to and evolution of the disease process. Examples of such diseases include hypertension, heart failure, hypoxic lung disease, endocrine and neurological disorders. We are also keen to publish research that has a translational aspect or clinical application. Comparative physiology work that can be applied to aid the understanding human physiology is also encouraged. Manuscripts that report the use of bioinformatic, genomic, molecular, proteomic and cellular techniques to provide novel insights into integrative physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms are welcomed.
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