Carbon dioxide poisoning of solid oxide fuel cells cathode materials-A review

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are highly efficient and clean energy conversion devices with significant promise, but their development faces a critical constraint: the challenge of cathode materials achieving both high activity and robust chemical stability. Specifically, during long-term operation, cathodes are susceptible to CO₂ poisoning due to continuous exposure to ambient air. Especially for proton-conducting SOFC operation, cathodes can suffer from combined H₂O and CO₂ corrosion, leading to a more complex degradation mechanism. This review focuses on the CO₂ poisoning behavior of perovskite-type cathode materials, systematically analyzing degradation mechanisms and evaluation methods. By comprehensively summarizing the recent research advancements in CO₂-tolerant cathode materials and discussing material design strategies, this work aims to provide insights for developing SOFC cathode materials with excellent electrocatalytic activity and robust CO₂ tolerance.