水杨酸介导的拟南芥木质部导管形成和防御反应的竞争性调控。

IF 4 2区 生物学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY
Ya Ma, Rune Kurokawa, Chaokun Huang, Ryosuke Sano, Taku Demura, Misato Ohtani
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在维管植物中,木质部导管运输水分并有助于结构的完整性。作为导管形成的一部分,木质部细胞沉积次生细胞壁(SCWs),由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素聚合物组成。在诸如病原体攻击等环境挑战下,生长-防御权衡限制了木质部导管的发育。了解调节这种权衡的机制有助于了解植物利用碳资源的策略,因为SCWs含有大量密集排列的高碳化合物。在这里,我们研究了由肽防御激发子flagellin22 (flg22)诱导的病原体反应对拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)血管相关的NAC-DOMAIN7 (VND7)依赖木质部导管形成的影响。在具有地塞米松诱导的VND7系统的植物中,flg22处理减少了木质部运输,延迟了异位木质部导管分化,包括SCW沉积,这表明植物优先考虑防御反应而不是木质部形成。与此一致的是,转录组分析显示,flg22治疗抑制了scw相关基因,激活了免疫相关基因。水杨酸(SA)处理对依赖vnd7的木质部导管形成具有类似的抑制作用,而分别在SA生物合成和信号传导方面存在缺陷的sid2-2和npr1-1突变体没有表现出flg22诱导的木质部运输活性抑制;这些都强调了SA的作用,它是免疫应答过程中由苯丙氨酸生物合成的,是木质部导管形成和免疫应答之间竞争的关键中介。这些发现为植物如何在生物胁迫下灵活调节木质部发育以优化其发育提供了新的思路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Salicylic acid-mediated competitive regulation of xylem vessel formation and defense responses in Arabidopsis thaliana.

In vascular plants, xylem vessels transport water and contribute to structural integrity. As part of vessel formation, xylem cells deposit secondary cell walls (SCWs), which are composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin polymers. Under environmental challenges such as pathogen attack, a growth-defense trade-off limits xylem vessel development. Understanding the mechanism regulating this trade-off has implications for understanding of plant strategy to utilize their carbon resources because SCWs contain large amounts of densely packed high-carbon compounds. Here, we investigated the effect of pathogen responses induced by the peptide defense elicitor flagellin22 (flg22) on VASCULAR-RELATED NAC-DOMAIN7 (VND7)-dependent xylem vessel formation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Treatment with flg22 decreased xylem transport and delayed ectopic xylem vessel differentiation, including SCW deposition, in plants with a dexamethasone-inducible VND7 system, suggesting that the plant prioritized defense responses over xylem formation. Consistent with this, transcriptome analysis revealed that flg22 treatment suppressed SCW-related genes and activated immune-related genes. Salicylic acid (SA) treatment had a similar inhibitory effect on VND7-dependent xylem vessel formation, and the sid2-2 and npr1-1 mutants, which are defective in SA biosynthesis and signaling, respectively, did not exhibit flg22-induced inhibition of xylem transport activity; these highlight the role of SA, which is biosynthesized from phenylalanine during immune responses, as a key mediator of the competition between xylem vessel formation and immune responses. These findings provide insights into how plants flexibly regulate xylem development under biotic stress to optimize their development.

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来源期刊
Plant and Cell Physiology
Plant and Cell Physiology 生物-细胞生物学
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
4.10%
发文量
166
审稿时长
1.7 months
期刊介绍: Plant & Cell Physiology (PCP) was established in 1959 and is the official journal of the Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP). The title reflects the journal''s original interest and scope to encompass research not just at the whole-organism level but also at the cellular and subcellular levels. Amongst the broad range of topics covered by this international journal, readers will find the very best original research on plant physiology, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular genetics, epigenetics, biotechnology, bioinformatics and –omics; as well as how plants respond to and interact with their environment (abiotic and biotic factors), and the biology of photosynthetic microorganisms.
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