Pathways for resource-based cities in China to achieve carbon peaking: A case study of Taiyuan, a resource-based provincial capital

Resource-based cities require specialized energy planning solutions and policies due to their unique environments, which present both opportunities and challenges for developing effective energy policies. This paper utilizes System Dynamics (SD) and the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP) models to examine the carbon peak pathway of resource-based cities. We apply the integrated SD-LEAP model to Taiyuan, a typical city in China's resource-based cities. This study examines three scenarios: the Industrial Transformation (ITR) Scenario, the Energy Efficiency Improvement (IMP) Scenario, and the Extended Development (EDV) Scenario. The findings demonstrate that several successful energy and climate policies can help build a low-emission economy based on energy-efficient businesses. One must carefully consider Taiyuan's situation and current obstacles when creating energy transition policies. A combination of aspects from the IMP and ITR scenarios could form an effective improvement plan for the future. Energy policies that are appropriately implemented and coordinated can facilitate Taiyuan's transition to a low-carbon economy.