Nanoparticle-Assisted Green Synthesis of N,N-Heterocycles with Anti-Breast Cancer Activity: A Decade of Advances

Nanoparticles have been a field of profound scientific interest in recent decades on account of their high surface-to-volume ratio, tunable morphologies, selectivity, and significant catalytic activity. In organic synthesis, the crucial aspects of the catalytic activity of nanoparticles are due to high stability, simple recovery, and reusability. The application of nanocatalysts for the one-pot synthesis of bioactive N,N-heterocycles comprises key benefits like high yield, selectivity, and purity of the products with shorter reaction time under environment-friendly reaction conditions. Among bioactive N,N-heterocycles, benzimidazoles, oxadiazoles, pyrazoles, pyrazolines, pyridazines, pyrimidines, and thiadiazoles play a great role in the drug discovery and development process. Liarozole, omeprazole, tizanidine, etc., are vital drugs containing N,N-heterocycles. A major cause of death is cancer. The most frequent malignancy in women globally is breast cancer. Hence, the important uses of nanocatalysts in the synthesis of N,N-heterocycles with anti-breast cancer activity have been presented in this review brilliantly. The present review can stimulate the organic chemist and biological community to design, develop, and generate novel N,N-heterocycles with significant anticancer activity.