Ciatta Wobill, Samuel Steffen, Daniel Macken, Peter Fischer, Patrick Alberto Rühs
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In situ interfacial shear rheology of fungal films.
Understanding the dynamic film formation of fungi is essential for designing and creating engineered living fungal materials. However, conventional growth measurements often neglect the three-dimensionality of fungal growth and thus only provide scarce information about the transient mechanical properties. In this study, we use interfacial shear rheology (ISR) to investigate the dynamic formation of fungal films. By using ISR we can identify the lag, exponential and stationary phases of fungal growth by measuring the film viscoelasticity. We observed an increase in storage modulus after 2 h before spore germination, most likely caused by the absorption of spores and metabolic by-products during swelling and germination. Modifying the sugar concentration in the liquid growth media allowed for delayed germination while enhancing the exponential propagation speed of fungi, as visible through colony diameter measurements, spectrophotometry and ISR. Furthermore, we were able to observe the film formation through an increase in interfacial moduli as a measure of biomass. In combination with spectrophotometry and colony diameter measurements, ISR provides a complete picture of the transient film formation over 3 days, shedding light on the germination, exponential growth and stationary phase by providing non-destructive, qualitative measures for biomass and quantitative measures for film strength.
期刊介绍:
J. R. Soc. Interface welcomes articles of high quality research at the interface of the physical and life sciences. It provides a high-quality forum to publish rapidly and interact across this boundary in two main ways: J. R. Soc. Interface publishes research applying chemistry, engineering, materials science, mathematics and physics to the biological and medical sciences; it also highlights discoveries in the life sciences of relevance to the physical sciences. Both sides of the interface are considered equally and it is one of the only journals to cover this exciting new territory. J. R. Soc. Interface welcomes contributions on a diverse range of topics, including but not limited to; biocomplexity, bioengineering, bioinformatics, biomaterials, biomechanics, bionanoscience, biophysics, chemical biology, computer science (as applied to the life sciences), medical physics, synthetic biology, systems biology, theoretical biology and tissue engineering.