{"title":"西班牙脑癌导致的过早死亡的经济后果:人力资本方法。","authors":"Josep Darbà, Meritxell Ascanio","doi":"10.1080/03007995.2025.2538755","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although primary malignant brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumours are relatively rare, they contribute disproportionately to cancer-related mortality due to their high fatality rates and aggressive progression. This study quantifies the economic impact of brain cancer-related premature deaths in Spain from a societal perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed the human capital approach to estimate productivity losses from brain cancer mortality. Age- and sex-specific mortality, employment rates, and average salaries (2013-2022) were obtained from the Spanish National Statistics Institute. We calculated years of potential labour productive life lost (YPLPLL) and applied a 3% discount rate to estimate the present value of future income losses. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using alternative discount rates (0 and 6%) and varying assumptions about retirement age, wage, and employment rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Brain cancer accounted for 2-3% of all cancer-related deaths in Spain, with a higher burden in men. Approximately 44% of deaths occurred in working-age individuals, resulting in an estimated 157,396 YPLPLL and €2.78 billion in productivity losses over the study period. Sensitivity analyses showed a range of €2.08-3.48 billion. On average, this equates to €309 million annually, or around €8 per working-age individual.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite its low incidence, brain cancer imposes a substantial economic burden due to premature mortality during peak productive years. These findings underscores the importance of enhancing prevention, early diagnosis, and care delivery, particularly in ageing populations and high-income countries such as Spain.</p>","PeriodicalId":10814,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","volume":" ","pages":"949-958"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Economic consequences of premature mortality due to brain cancer in Spain: a human capital approach.\",\"authors\":\"Josep Darbà, Meritxell Ascanio\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/03007995.2025.2538755\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although primary malignant brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumours are relatively rare, they contribute disproportionately to cancer-related mortality due to their high fatality rates and aggressive progression. This study quantifies the economic impact of brain cancer-related premature deaths in Spain from a societal perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed the human capital approach to estimate productivity losses from brain cancer mortality. Age- and sex-specific mortality, employment rates, and average salaries (2013-2022) were obtained from the Spanish National Statistics Institute. We calculated years of potential labour productive life lost (YPLPLL) and applied a 3% discount rate to estimate the present value of future income losses. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using alternative discount rates (0 and 6%) and varying assumptions about retirement age, wage, and employment rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Brain cancer accounted for 2-3% of all cancer-related deaths in Spain, with a higher burden in men. Approximately 44% of deaths occurred in working-age individuals, resulting in an estimated 157,396 YPLPLL and €2.78 billion in productivity losses over the study period. Sensitivity analyses showed a range of €2.08-3.48 billion. On average, this equates to €309 million annually, or around €8 per working-age individual.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite its low incidence, brain cancer imposes a substantial economic burden due to premature mortality during peak productive years. These findings underscores the importance of enhancing prevention, early diagnosis, and care delivery, particularly in ageing populations and high-income countries such as Spain.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":10814,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Current Medical Research and Opinion\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"949-958\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Current Medical Research and Opinion\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2025.2538755\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/7/26 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Medical Research and Opinion","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2025.2538755","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/7/26 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Economic consequences of premature mortality due to brain cancer in Spain: a human capital approach.
Objective: Although primary malignant brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumours are relatively rare, they contribute disproportionately to cancer-related mortality due to their high fatality rates and aggressive progression. This study quantifies the economic impact of brain cancer-related premature deaths in Spain from a societal perspective.
Methods: We employed the human capital approach to estimate productivity losses from brain cancer mortality. Age- and sex-specific mortality, employment rates, and average salaries (2013-2022) were obtained from the Spanish National Statistics Institute. We calculated years of potential labour productive life lost (YPLPLL) and applied a 3% discount rate to estimate the present value of future income losses. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using alternative discount rates (0 and 6%) and varying assumptions about retirement age, wage, and employment rates.
Results: Brain cancer accounted for 2-3% of all cancer-related deaths in Spain, with a higher burden in men. Approximately 44% of deaths occurred in working-age individuals, resulting in an estimated 157,396 YPLPLL and €2.78 billion in productivity losses over the study period. Sensitivity analyses showed a range of €2.08-3.48 billion. On average, this equates to €309 million annually, or around €8 per working-age individual.
Conclusion: Despite its low incidence, brain cancer imposes a substantial economic burden due to premature mortality during peak productive years. These findings underscores the importance of enhancing prevention, early diagnosis, and care delivery, particularly in ageing populations and high-income countries such as Spain.
期刊介绍:
Current Medical Research and Opinion is a MEDLINE-indexed, peer-reviewed, international journal for the rapid publication of original research on new and existing drugs and therapies, Phase II-IV studies, and post-marketing investigations. Equivalence, safety and efficacy/effectiveness studies are especially encouraged. Preclinical, Phase I, pharmacoeconomic, outcomes and quality of life studies may also be considered if there is clear clinical relevance