{"title":"东北牛隐孢子虫和十二指肠贾第虫的遗传特征及其人畜共患潜力","authors":"Qile Yu, Sining Chen, Xichen Zhang, Qi Zhao, Mengfei Xu, Jianhua Li, Pengtao Gong, Xiaocen Wang, Xin Li, Xu Zhang, Nan Zhang","doi":"10.1155/tbed/6148130","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n <p><i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> (<i>G. duodenalis</i>) are zoonotic and gastrointestinal parasites infecting humans and animals. This study investigated the prevalence and subtypes of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and <i>G. duodenalis</i> in cattle from six farms across three provinces and one autonomous region in northeast China. Fecal samples (<i>n</i> = 495) were detected using PCR-based methods: <i>Cryptosporidium</i> was genotyped via PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) targeting the small subunit ribosomal RNA (<i>SSU</i> rRNA) gene, and <i>G. duodenalis</i> assemblages were identified through multilocus sequence typing of the <i>β</i>-giardin (<i>bg</i>), glutamate dehydrogenase (<i>gdh</i>), and triose phosphate isomerase (<i>tpi</i>) genes. Overall infection rates were 44.44% (220/495) for <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and 39.39% (195/495) for <i>G. duodenalis</i>. Age-related trends showed <i>Cryptosporidium</i> prevalence peaked in preweaned calves (63.29%, 50/79), whereas the highest prevalence rate of <i>G. duodenalis</i> infections (53.66%, 66/123) was observed in calves aged 3–11 months. Four <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species (<i>C. parvum</i>, <i>C. bovis</i>, <i>C. ryanae</i>, and <i>C. andersoni</i>) and coinfections involving two or three <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species were identified. Based on 60-kilodalton glycoprotein (<i>gp60</i>) gene of <i>C. parvum</i>, three subtypes (IIdA19G1, IIdA24G2, and IIdA21G1) were identified. Subtype IIdA21G1 was reported for the first time in cattle, with its initial detection occurring in China. For <i>G. duodenalis</i>, assemblages A and E were identified in all four areas, with 13 assemblage E multilocus genotypes (MLGs), one assemblage A MLG, and eight mixed (A + E) MLGs detected. Our findings revealed a novel genetic subtype of <i>C. parvum</i> in China, and the high prevalence of both <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and <i>G. duodenalis</i> suggested an increased zoonotic risk that deserved more attention.</p>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/6148130","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Genetic Characterization and Zoonotic Potential of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in Cattle From Northeast China\",\"authors\":\"Qile Yu, Sining Chen, Xichen Zhang, Qi Zhao, Mengfei Xu, Jianhua Li, Pengtao Gong, Xiaocen Wang, Xin Li, Xu Zhang, Nan Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/tbed/6148130\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n <p><i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> (<i>G. duodenalis</i>) are zoonotic and gastrointestinal parasites infecting humans and animals. This study investigated the prevalence and subtypes of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and <i>G. duodenalis</i> in cattle from six farms across three provinces and one autonomous region in northeast China. Fecal samples (<i>n</i> = 495) were detected using PCR-based methods: <i>Cryptosporidium</i> was genotyped via PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) targeting the small subunit ribosomal RNA (<i>SSU</i> rRNA) gene, and <i>G. duodenalis</i> assemblages were identified through multilocus sequence typing of the <i>β</i>-giardin (<i>bg</i>), glutamate dehydrogenase (<i>gdh</i>), and triose phosphate isomerase (<i>tpi</i>) genes. Overall infection rates were 44.44% (220/495) for <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and 39.39% (195/495) for <i>G. duodenalis</i>. Age-related trends showed <i>Cryptosporidium</i> prevalence peaked in preweaned calves (63.29%, 50/79), whereas the highest prevalence rate of <i>G. duodenalis</i> infections (53.66%, 66/123) was observed in calves aged 3–11 months. Four <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species (<i>C. parvum</i>, <i>C. bovis</i>, <i>C. ryanae</i>, and <i>C. andersoni</i>) and coinfections involving two or three <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species were identified. Based on 60-kilodalton glycoprotein (<i>gp60</i>) gene of <i>C. parvum</i>, three subtypes (IIdA19G1, IIdA24G2, and IIdA21G1) were identified. Subtype IIdA21G1 was reported for the first time in cattle, with its initial detection occurring in China. For <i>G. duodenalis</i>, assemblages A and E were identified in all four areas, with 13 assemblage E multilocus genotypes (MLGs), one assemblage A MLG, and eight mixed (A + E) MLGs detected. Our findings revealed a novel genetic subtype of <i>C. parvum</i> in China, and the high prevalence of both <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and <i>G. duodenalis</i> suggested an increased zoonotic risk that deserved more attention.</p>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":234,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases\",\"volume\":\"2025 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/6148130\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/tbed/6148130\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/tbed/6148130","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Genetic Characterization and Zoonotic Potential of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in Cattle From Northeast China
Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis (G. duodenalis) are zoonotic and gastrointestinal parasites infecting humans and animals. This study investigated the prevalence and subtypes of Cryptosporidium and G. duodenalis in cattle from six farms across three provinces and one autonomous region in northeast China. Fecal samples (n = 495) were detected using PCR-based methods: Cryptosporidium was genotyped via PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) targeting the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene, and G. duodenalis assemblages were identified through multilocus sequence typing of the β-giardin (bg), glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) genes. Overall infection rates were 44.44% (220/495) for Cryptosporidium and 39.39% (195/495) for G. duodenalis. Age-related trends showed Cryptosporidium prevalence peaked in preweaned calves (63.29%, 50/79), whereas the highest prevalence rate of G. duodenalis infections (53.66%, 66/123) was observed in calves aged 3–11 months. Four Cryptosporidium species (C. parvum, C. bovis, C. ryanae, and C. andersoni) and coinfections involving two or three Cryptosporidium species were identified. Based on 60-kilodalton glycoprotein (gp60) gene of C. parvum, three subtypes (IIdA19G1, IIdA24G2, and IIdA21G1) were identified. Subtype IIdA21G1 was reported for the first time in cattle, with its initial detection occurring in China. For G. duodenalis, assemblages A and E were identified in all four areas, with 13 assemblage E multilocus genotypes (MLGs), one assemblage A MLG, and eight mixed (A + E) MLGs detected. Our findings revealed a novel genetic subtype of C. parvum in China, and the high prevalence of both Cryptosporidium and G. duodenalis suggested an increased zoonotic risk that deserved more attention.
期刊介绍：
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases brings together in one place the latest research on infectious diseases considered to hold the greatest economic threat to animals and humans worldwide. The journal provides a venue for global research on their diagnosis, prevention and management, and for papers on public health, pathogenesis, epidemiology, statistical modeling, diagnostics, biosecurity issues, genomics, vaccine development and rapid communication of new outbreaks. Papers should include timely research approaches using state-of-the-art technologies. The editors encourage papers adopting a science-based approach on socio-economic and environmental factors influencing the management of the bio-security threat posed by these diseases, including risk analysis and disease spread modeling. Preference will be given to communications focusing on novel science-based approaches to controlling transboundary and emerging diseases. The following topics are generally considered out-of-scope, but decisions are made on a case-by-case basis (for example, studies on cryptic wildlife populations, and those on potential species extinctions):
Pathogen discovery: a common pathogen newly recognised in a specific country, or a new pathogen or genetic sequence for which there is little context about — or insights regarding — its emergence or spread.
Prevalence estimation surveys and risk factor studies based on survey (rather than longitudinal) methodology, except when such studies are unique. Surveys of knowledge, attitudes and practices are within scope.
Diagnostic test development if not accompanied by robust sensitivity and specificity estimation from field studies.
Studies focused only on laboratory methods in which relevance to disease emergence and spread is not obvious or can not be inferred (“pure research” type studies).
Narrative literature reviews which do not generate new knowledge. Systematic and scoping reviews, and meta-analyses are within scope.
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