Design and Analysis of Sunshine-Shaped MIMO Antenna for High Demand in Data Rates and Ultra-Fast Sixth-Generation Wireless Communications Through THz Spectrum Range

THz antennas, which function at high speeds, frequencies, and data rates, were developed in response to the increased need for high-speed communication equipment. High data transfer is necessary for wireless communication in modern technologies. After 5G, the next generation of wireless technology is called 6G (sixth-generation wireless). Because 6G networks may run at greater frequencies than 5G networks, their capacity and latency will be significantly increased. Allowing communications with a latency of 1 μs is one of the objectives of the 6G internet. This paper introduces a compact and highly efficient sunshine-slotted MIMO antenna designed for 6G and wireless applications. The antenna features a sun-shaped patch and a partial ground layer to improve its overall performance. The proposed antenna operates across 3.6, 4.5, 5.2, and 6.2 THz, respectively, which are used for wireless communication systems. This work presents a MIMO antenna constructed with a low reflection coefficient value of −34, −38, −18, and −23 dB, with an insertion loss of less than −30 dB over the operational frequency. In addition to this, the antenna has a gain value of 8.5–9.2 dBi. The proposed MIMO antenna also has a minimum ECC value of < 0.01; similarly, across the operating frequency, the antenna has a DG value range of 10–11 dB respectively. The proposed antenna has dimensions of 33 × 33 × 100 μm³ using graphene as a conducting layer and silicon as a substrate layer. The suggested antenna can be utilized for high-speed communications because of its high gain and operating frequency applicability.