野生细菌群落对实验扰动的生态进化稳健性。

Duhita G Sant,Thomas P Smith,Edgar L Y Wong,Juli Cohen,Kayla C King,Thomas Bell,Timothy G Barraclough
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大多数关于细菌进化和生态相互作用的知识来自实验室研究。野外实验和大多数实验室实验的一个不同之处在于细菌分类群的多样性。因此,了解野生细菌如何对扰动作出反应需要考虑组成物种的生态分选、定植和遗传变化如何相互作用。物种的生态分选可能会降低进化速度,使群落对干扰更加强健,也可能会放大选择压力,导致不稳定的共同进化级联。甚至对生态分选、扩散和遗传变化的基本速率的估计也很少。在这里,我们通过对生活在山毛榉树洞中的野生分解者群落进行石灰化,并跟踪12周的生态和进化反应来解决这些知识空白。总体而言,树洞群落对石灰化非常稳定,包括高达4个pH单位的短期脉冲和高达2个pH单位的长期脉冲。与对照树洞相比,处理树洞的物种多样性和组成变化显著,但变化不大。新的细菌分类群的定殖率很低,不随石灰的变化而变化。宏基因组组装基因组中单核苷酸多态性频率的遗传变化速率与同一宏基因组组装基因组的生态变化速率相当并相关,但在灰泥树洞和对照树洞之间,遗传变化速率没有变化。遗传变化率分析估计有效群体规模低(约104),世代时间约为1天。我们的研究提供了野生细菌群落的生态和进化过程的估计速率,这对我们的实验扰动显示出显着的稳健性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Eco-evolutionary robustness of wild bacterial communities to experimental perturbation.
Most knowledge about bacterial evolution and ecological interactions comes from laboratory studies. One difference between the wild and most laboratory experiments is the diversity of bacterial taxa present. Understanding how wild bacteria respond to perturbation therefore requires consideration of how ecological sorting, colonization, and genetic changes of constituent species interact. Ecological sorting of species might reduce evolutionary rates and make communities robust to disturbance, or it could amplify selection pressures and lead to unstable co-evolutionary cascades. Even estimates of basic rates of ecological sorting, dispersal, and genetic change are rare. Here, we addressed these knowledge gaps by liming wild decomposer communities living in beech tree holes and tracking ecological and evolutionary responses for 12 weeks. Overall, tree hole communities were extremely robust to liming involving short-term pulses up to 4 pH units and long-term increases up to 2 pH units. Species diversity and composition displayed significant but small changes in treatment tree holes compared to control ones. New bacterial taxa colonized at a low rate that did not vary with liming. Genetic changes in the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms in metagenome assembled genomes occurred at rates that were both comparable to and correlated with ecological changes in the same metagenome assembled genomes, but the rate of genetic changes did not vary between limed and control tree holes. Analysis of rates of genetic change estimated low effective population size (~104) and generation times of roughly 1 day. Our study provides estimates of rates of ecological and evolutionary processes in wild bacterial communities, which displayed remarkable robustness to our experimental perturbation.
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