Farzad Mahdavi, Ali Pouryousef, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Kambiz Karimi, Asma Mousivand, Farajolah Maleki, Ali Asghari, Mina Mamizadeh
{"title":"艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者卡耶坦环孢子虫的全球流行病学：系统回顾和荟萃分析。","authors":"Farzad Mahdavi, Ali Pouryousef, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Kambiz Karimi, Asma Mousivand, Farajolah Maleki, Ali Asghari, Mina Mamizadeh","doi":"10.1007/s11686-025-01099-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cyclospora cayetanensis is a coccidian protozoan parasite belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of C. cayetanensis in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was performed in international databases for studies published until October 18, 2024, focusing on cross-sectional and case-control studies. Data from eligible studies were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software, employing random-effects models for pooled estimates and weighted odds ratios (ORs), along with heterogeneity assessment via I² statistic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This systematic review analyzed 73 studies, including 48 cross-sectional and 25 case-control involving 13,986 HIV/AIDS patients and 3,559 non-HIV/AIDS controls across 22 countries, mainly in Asia and Africa. The global prevalence of C. cayetanensis infection was 4% in HIV/AIDS patients (95% CI: 2.9-5.4%) versus 1.8% in controls (95% CI: 1.1-3.2%), resulting in an OR of 3.5 (95% CI: 2.04-6.06), indicating HIV/AIDS patients were significantly more likely to be infected. Sensitivity analysis indicated that none of the studies significantly affected the pooled estimates and weighted ORs. The prevalence of infection showed no significant association with quantitative variables such as publication year, sample size, and Human Development Index (HDI). Moreover, the pooled prevalence of C. cayetanensis infection was estimated across various subgroups, including publication year, World Health Organization (WHO) region, country, continent, country income level, HDI value, and sample size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings confirm the opportunistic nature of C. cayetanensis infection and highlight the need for increased awareness and diagnosis of this infection in HIV/AIDS patients. Monitoring this opportunistic infection is vital for patient management, particularly in resource-limited areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"70 4","pages":"163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Worldwide Epidemiology of Cyclospora cayetanensis in HIV/AIDS Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.\",\"authors\":\"Farzad Mahdavi, Ali Pouryousef, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Kambiz Karimi, Asma Mousivand, Farajolah Maleki, Ali Asghari, Mina Mamizadeh\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11686-025-01099-8\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cyclospora cayetanensis is a coccidian protozoan parasite belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of C. cayetanensis in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was performed in international databases for studies published until October 18, 2024, focusing on cross-sectional and case-control studies. Data from eligible studies were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software, employing random-effects models for pooled estimates and weighted odds ratios (ORs), along with heterogeneity assessment via I² statistic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This systematic review analyzed 73 studies, including 48 cross-sectional and 25 case-control involving 13,986 HIV/AIDS patients and 3,559 non-HIV/AIDS controls across 22 countries, mainly in Asia and Africa. The global prevalence of C. cayetanensis infection was 4% in HIV/AIDS patients (95% CI: 2.9-5.4%) versus 1.8% in controls (95% CI: 1.1-3.2%), resulting in an OR of 3.5 (95% CI: 2.04-6.06), indicating HIV/AIDS patients were significantly more likely to be infected. Sensitivity analysis indicated that none of the studies significantly affected the pooled estimates and weighted ORs. The prevalence of infection showed no significant association with quantitative variables such as publication year, sample size, and Human Development Index (HDI). Moreover, the pooled prevalence of C. cayetanensis infection was estimated across various subgroups, including publication year, World Health Organization (WHO) region, country, continent, country income level, HDI value, and sample size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings confirm the opportunistic nature of C. cayetanensis infection and highlight the need for increased awareness and diagnosis of this infection in HIV/AIDS patients. Monitoring this opportunistic infection is vital for patient management, particularly in resource-limited areas.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":6932,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Acta Parasitologica\",\"volume\":\"70 4\",\"pages\":\"163\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Acta Parasitologica\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-025-01099-8\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"PARASITOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Acta Parasitologica","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-025-01099-8","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PARASITOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Worldwide Epidemiology of Cyclospora cayetanensis in HIV/AIDS Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Background: Cyclospora cayetanensis is a coccidian protozoan parasite belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of C. cayetanensis in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
Methods: A literature search was performed in international databases for studies published until October 18, 2024, focusing on cross-sectional and case-control studies. Data from eligible studies were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software, employing random-effects models for pooled estimates and weighted odds ratios (ORs), along with heterogeneity assessment via I² statistic.
Results: This systematic review analyzed 73 studies, including 48 cross-sectional and 25 case-control involving 13,986 HIV/AIDS patients and 3,559 non-HIV/AIDS controls across 22 countries, mainly in Asia and Africa. The global prevalence of C. cayetanensis infection was 4% in HIV/AIDS patients (95% CI: 2.9-5.4%) versus 1.8% in controls (95% CI: 1.1-3.2%), resulting in an OR of 3.5 (95% CI: 2.04-6.06), indicating HIV/AIDS patients were significantly more likely to be infected. Sensitivity analysis indicated that none of the studies significantly affected the pooled estimates and weighted ORs. The prevalence of infection showed no significant association with quantitative variables such as publication year, sample size, and Human Development Index (HDI). Moreover, the pooled prevalence of C. cayetanensis infection was estimated across various subgroups, including publication year, World Health Organization (WHO) region, country, continent, country income level, HDI value, and sample size.
Conclusion: The findings confirm the opportunistic nature of C. cayetanensis infection and highlight the need for increased awareness and diagnosis of this infection in HIV/AIDS patients. Monitoring this opportunistic infection is vital for patient management, particularly in resource-limited areas.
期刊介绍：
Acta Parasitologica is an international journal covering the latest advances in the subject.
Acta Parasitologica publishes original papers on all aspects of parasitology and host-parasite relationships, including the latest discoveries in biochemical and molecular biology of parasites, their physiology, morphology, taxonomy and ecology, as well as original research papers on immunology, pathology, and epidemiology of parasitic diseases in the context of medical, veterinary and biological sciences. The journal also publishes short research notes, invited review articles, book reviews.
The journal was founded in 1953 as "Acta Parasitologica Polonica" by the Polish Parasitological Society and since 1954 has been published by W. Stefanski Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. Since 1992 in has appeared as Acta Parasitologica in four issues per year.
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