"Relationship between insertion torque and ISQ of 600 implants placed in soft bone with different surgical techniques." IN VITRO STUDY.

Background: Primary stability plays a crucial role in implant success as it is influenced by bone characteristics, surgical techniques and implant design. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between implant stability quotient (ISQ) and insertion torque (IT) in dental implants.

Materials and methods: An in vitro, cross-sectional, analytical study was carried out. For the study, polyurethane blocks simulating type IV bone were used, in which dental implants from 5 different commercial brands were placed. 600 osteotomies were performed, divided into three groups of 200 samples each. The 3 groups corresponded to three different surgical techniques: underdrilling, osteotomes, and osseodensification. Implants of the five brands were equally distributed in each group. ISQ and IT were measured.

Results: An inverse relationship was observed between IT and ISQ, indicating that higher insertion torque was associated with lower ISQ values. However, this relationship was weak. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference that the ISQ values of the three groups of surgical techniques were significantly different. Regarding the analysis of the macro-design of the implants, it was found that implants with conical design, and threads with variable depths had a significantly higher ISQ than those with hybrid design and threads with constant depths.

Conclusions: The correlation between IT and ISQ is inverse, but the relationship is weak; is due to the fact that ISQ and IT measure different aspects of stability, so are considered complementary parameters for assessing the primary stability of the implant. The surgical placement technique has no significant impact on primary stability, but the type of implant macro-design has a significant influence on it.