Measurement of path loss in wireless channels assisted by MIM-based anomalous reflection metasurface at 230–330 GHz

Reflective metasurfaces have emerged as a crucial component for 6G communications due to their capacity for effective signal control and modulation in the high-frequency range. A simple and accurate path loss model for metasurfaces is fundamental for optimizing metasurface-assisted wireless communication systems. This study proposes an anomalous reflective metasurface structure based on a Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) configuration. Using a real-time high-frequency measurement system, the path loss of this metasurface-assisted wireless communication system was measured across three dimensions: broad bandwidth (230 GHz to 330 GHz), wide incidence angle (0°to 40°), and reception distance (0.5 m to 1.9 m). Experimental results were compared with the predictions of the metasurface-assisted path loss model, confirming its accuracy and applicability at frequencies from 230 GHz to 330 GHz. Moreover, we outline the conditions for model applicability and the design parameter requirements for metasurface unit structures in the aforementioned frequency range. These measurement data facilitate the development of accurate channel models, offering valuable support for the design and optimization of communication systems, thereby enhancing their performance and reliability.